RIWAYAT TRAUMA MASA KANAK SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO ORIENTASI SEKSUAL PADA KAUM LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENDER, QUEER+ (LGBTQ): SEBUAH TINJAUAN SISTEMATIKA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v5i2.10417Keywords:
Trauma Masa Kanak, LGBTQ+, Orientasi Seksual, Faktor RisikoAbstract
ABSTRACT
The development of sexuality and gender issues has shown increasing complexity, particularly in understanding the experiences of LGBTQ+ individuals. Sexual orientation is an important component of identity formation that can be influenced by childhood experiences. This study aims to identify and analyze risk factors of childhood trauma among LGBTQ+ individuals based on recent empirical evidence. The study employed a systematic review method following PRISMA guidelines, drawing from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases within the last ten years.A total of 8 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed, involving 336,042 participants. The results indicate that LGBTQ+ individuals have a higher risk of experiencing childhood trauma compared to heterosexual-cisgender groups, with risk estimates ranging from 1.4 to 3.11. The main finding highlights a consistent increase in the risk of various forms of trauma among LGBTQ+ individuals, particularly sexual abuse, domestic violence, and exposure to family members with mental disorders. These findings confirm that childhood trauma is a significant risk factor contributing to mental health vulnerability among LGBTQ+ individuals. Implications suggest the need for more inclusive and evidence-based mental health services to minimize long-term impacts and improve the quality of life of LGBTQ+ individuals.
ABSTRAK
Perkembangan isu seksualitas dan gender menunjukkan kompleksitas yang semakin meningkat, khususnya dalam memahami pengalaman individu LGBTQ+. Orientasi seksual merupakan bagian penting dari pembentukan identitas diri yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman masa kanak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor risiko trauma masa kanak pada kelompok LGBTQ+ berdasarkan bukti empiris terkini. Studi ini menggunakan metode tinjauan sistematis dengan mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA dan bersumber dari database PubMed, Cochrane Library, dan Embase dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir. Sebanyak 8 studi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis dengan total 336.042 partisipan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kelompok LGBTQ+ memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami trauma masa kanak dibandingkan kelompok heteroseksual-cisgender, dengan rentang risiko antara 1,4 hingga 3,11. Temuan utama menunjukkan adanya peningkatan risiko yang konsisten pada kelompok LGBTQ+ terhadap berbagai bentuk trauma, terutama kekerasan seksual, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, serta paparan gangguan mental dalam keluarga. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa trauma masa kanak merupakan faktor risiko signifikan yang berkontribusi terhadap kerentanan kesehatan mental pada kelompok LGBTQ+. Implikasinya, diperlukan pendekatan layanan kesehatan mental yang lebih inklusif dan berbasis bukti untuk meminimalkan dampak jangka panjang serta meningkatkan kualitas hidup individu LGBTQ+.
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