ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA PALEMBANG NOMOR 12 TAHUN 2013 DALAM PENANGANAN ANAK JALANAN, GELANDANGAN, DAN PENGEMIS DI KOTA PALEMBANG

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The presence of street children, homeless individuals, and beggars remains a persistent social issue in Palembang City despite the enactment of Palembang City Regional Regulation No. 12 of 2013 concerning the Development of Street Children, Homeless Individuals, and Beggars. This condition indicates that policy implementation has not yet fully achieved its objectives of social development and rehabilitation. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Palembang City Regional Regulation No. 12 of 2013 in addressing street children, homeless individuals, and beggars in Palembang City. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through non-participant observation and documentation of the activities of street children, homeless individuals, and beggars, as well as policy implementation documents from the Palembang City Social Affairs Office and the Municipal Civil Service Police Unit. Data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana interactive model based on George C. Edwards III's policy implementation framework. The findings reveal that the policy has been implemented through patrols, outreach, law enforcement, social guidance, and rehabilitation programs. However, its effectiveness remains limited due to inadequate policy communication, insufficient resources, low behavioral change among the target groups, and weak inter-agency coordination. This study demonstrates that effective policy implementation depends not only on regulatory enforcement but also on the integration of social rehabilitation, economic empowerment, and cross-sector collaboration to ensure sustainable management of street children, homeless individuals, and beggars.

ABSTRAK

Keberadaan anak jalanan, gelandangan, dan pengemis (Anjal, Gelandangan, dan Pengemis) masih menjadi permasalahan sosial di Kota Palembang meskipun telah diterbitkan Peraturan Daerah Kota Palembang Nomor 12 Tahun 2013 tentang Pembinaan Anak Jalanan, Gelandangan, dan Pengemis. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan belum sepenuhnya mencapai tujuan pembinaan dan rehabilitasi sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kota Palembang Nomor 12 Tahun 2013 dalam penanganan anak jalanan, gelandangan, dan pengemis di Kota Palembang. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi nonpartisipan dan dokumentasi terhadap aktivitas anak jalanan, gelandangan, dan pengemis serta dokumen pelaksanaan kebijakan di Dinas Sosial dan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Palembang. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana berdasarkan teori implementasi kebijakan George C. Edwards III. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan telah dilakukan melalui patroli, penjangkauan, penertiban, pembinaan, dan rehabilitasi sosial. Namun, efektivitasnya masih belum optimal akibat keterbatasan komunikasi kebijakan, sumber daya, perubahan perilaku kelompok sasaran, dan koordinasi lintas instansi. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa implementasi kebijakan akan lebih efektif apabila penegakan regulasi diintegrasikan dengan pembinaan sosial, pemberdayaan ekonomi, dan sinergi lintas sektor secara berkelanjutan.