EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN LOGISTIK BENCANA SUMBER DANA APBD DI KABUPATEN BARRU

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Disaster logistics distribution is a critical component of disaster management because it determines the timely, accurate, and equitable fulfillment of the basic needs of affected communities. However, its implementation continues to face various challenges that may reduce the effectiveness of aid distribution. This study aims to evaluate the disaster logistics distribution policy funded by the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) in Barru Regency. The research employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. The study involved 14 informants, consisting of the Head of the Social Affairs, Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Office, the Head of the Social Protection and Security Division, five members of the Disaster Preparedness Cadets (TAGANA), and seven community members who received disaster logistics assistance. Data were analyzed using William N. Dunn's policy evaluation framework, which includes effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness. The findings indicate that the disaster logistics distribution policy in Barru Regency has generally been implemented effectively in meeting the basic needs of disaster-affected communities. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including limited access to disaster-affected areas, suboptimal victim data collection, inadequate distribution vehicles, and insufficient fulfillment of the needs of vulnerable groups. The study concludes that the effectiveness of disaster logistics distribution is determined not only by budget availability but also by the quality of needs assessment, disaster data integration, interagency coordination, and volunteer participation. Therefore, strengthening a digital-based disaster logistics information system is essential to improve the effectiveness, accuracy, and equity of disaster aid distribution.

ABSTRAK

Penyaluran logistik bencana merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam penyelenggaraan penanggulangan bencana karena menentukan terpenuhinya kebutuhan dasar masyarakat terdampak secara cepat, tepat, dan merata. Namun, pelaksanaannya masih menghadapi berbagai kendala yang berpotensi mengurangi efektivitas distribusi bantuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kebijakan penyaluran logistik bencana yang bersumber dari Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) di Kabupaten Barru. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Informan penelitian berjumlah 14 orang yang terdiri atas Kepala Dinas Sosial, Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak, Kepala Bidang Perlindungan dan Jaminan Sosial, lima anggota Taruna Siaga Bencana (TAGANA), serta tujuh masyarakat penerima bantuan logistik. Data dianalisis menggunakan model evaluasi kebijakan William N. Dunn yang meliputi efektivitas, efisiensi, kecukupan, perataan, responsivitas, dan ketepatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan penyaluran logistik bencana di Kabupaten Barru secara umum telah berjalan cukup efektif dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar masyarakat terdampak. Meskipun demikian, masih ditemukan kendala berupa keterbatasan akses menuju lokasi bencana, belum optimalnya pendataan korban, keterbatasan armada distribusi, serta belum terpenuhinya kebutuhan kelompok rentan secara maksimal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas penyaluran logistik tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan anggaran, tetapi juga oleh kualitas asesmen, integrasi data kebencanaan, koordinasi antarinstansi, dan partisipasi relawan. Oleh karena itu, penguatan sistem informasi logistik kebencanaan berbasis digital diperlukan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas, ketepatan, dan pemerataan distribusi bantuan.