ANALISIS TINGKAT KEANEKARAGAMAN FAUNA MANGROVE UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR GEOGRAFI MATERI PERSEBARAN FAUNA INDONESIA

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study was motivated by the lack of documentation on the diversity of mangrove fauna in the Banua Pangka Ecotourism Area, Wotu District, East Luwu Regency, and its underutilization as a contextual learning resource for the topic of the Distribution of Indonesian Flora and Fauna in senior high schools. The study aimed to analyze the diversity of mangrove fauna, develop a geography module based on mangrove fauna, and evaluate its validity and effectiveness. This research employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. Faunal diversity was analyzed using the diversity, evenness, dominance, and species richness indices. The module's feasibility was assessed through expert validation involving subject matter experts, language experts, practitioners, and student trials. Its effectiveness was evaluated using a pretest-posttest design with normality, paired sample t-test, and N-gain analyses. The results identified 555 individuals representing 16 mangrove fauna species, with a moderate diversity index (H' = 1.59), relatively even distribution (E = 0.57), low dominance (C = 0.25), and moderate species richness (R = 3.09), indicating a relatively stable mangrove ecosystem. The module was rated as valid by subject matter experts (97.5%), language experts (88.64%), practitioners (84.41%), and students in the limited trial (86.51%). The large-scale implementation showed a moderate improvement in students' understanding. Therefore, the mangrove fauna-based geography module is considered valid and effective as a learning resource for senior high school geography.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum terdokumentasikannya keanekaragaman fauna mangrove di Kawasan Ekowisata Banua Pangka, Kecamatan Wotu, Kabupaten Luwu Timur, serta belum dimanfaatkannya sebagai sumber belajar kontekstual pada materi Persebaran Flora dan Fauna Indonesia di SMA. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis keanekaragaman fauna mangrove, mengembangkan modul geografi berbasis fauna mangrove, serta menguji kelayakan dan efektivitasnya. Penelitian menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang meliputi tahap Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Analisis keanekaragaman dilakukan menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dominansi, dan kekayaan jenis, sedangkan kelayakan modul dinilai melalui validasi ahli materi, ahli bahasa, praktisi, dan uji coba peserta didik. Efektivitas modul diuji melalui desain pretest-posttest menggunakan uji normalitas, paired sample t-test, dan N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ditemukan 555 individu yang terdiri atas 16 spesies fauna mangrove dengan nilai keanekaragaman sedang (H’ = 1,59), kemerataan relatif merata (E = 0,57), dominansi rendah (C = 0,25), dan kekayaan jenis sedang (R = 3,09), yang mengindikasikan ekosistem mangrove berada dalam kondisi cukup stabil. Modul memperoleh kategori valid berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi (97,5%), ahli bahasa (88,64%), praktisi (84,41%), dan uji coba terbatas (86,51%). Uji coba skala besar menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman peserta didik pada kategori sedang. Dengan demikian, modul berbasis fauna mangrove dinyatakan layak dan efektif digunakan sebagai bahan ajar geografi di SMA.