PEMETAAN KESENJANGAN KOMPETENSI SISWA SMK BERDASARKAN HASIL PRAKTIK KERJA LAPANGAN 2022–2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/learning.v6i3.12025Keywords:
Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL), Pencapaian Kompetensi, Kesenjangan Kompetensi, Pendidikan Vokasi, Kesiapan KerjaAbstract
The Open Unemployment Rate among Vocational High School (SMK) graduates remains the highest among all educational levels, indicating a persistent gap between graduates’ competencies and labor market demands. Industrial Work Practice (Praktik Kerja Lapangan/PKL) serves as a key vocational education strategy to strengthen the linkage between schools and industry; however, PKL outcomes have rarely been utilized as a basis for mapping students’ competencies. This study aimed to map students’ competency achievement and competency gaps based on PKL outcomes at SMKN 1 Tambelangan during the 2022–2025 period. A descriptive quantitative approach with a comparative design was employed. The study involved 315 students selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected from students’ PKL scores and the Minimum Mastery Criteria (MMC) and analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that all students achieved scores above the MMC, indicating generally good competency attainment. Significant differences in competency achievement were identified across specialization areas and PKL implementation years. The Accounting specialization demonstrated the highest competency achievement, while Motorcycle Engineering showed the lowest. These findings suggest that both specialization characteristics and PKL implementation contribute to variations in students’ competencies. The results provide empirical evidence for schools to evaluate and strengthen PKL programs in order to enhance students’ work readiness more equitably.
ABSTRAK
Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka lulusan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) yang masih tinggi menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara kompetensi lulusan dan kebutuhan dunia kerja. Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL) menjadi salah satu strategi pendidikan vokasi untuk memperkuat keterkaitan antara sekolah dan industri, namun hasil PKL masih jarang dimanfaatkan sebagai dasar pemetaan kompetensi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan capaian dan kesenjangan kompetensi siswa SMKN 1 Tambelangan berdasarkan hasil PKL periode 2022–2025. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan desain komparatif. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 315 siswa yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data diperoleh dari nilai PKL dan Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan uji ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh siswa mencapai nilai di atas KKM dengan rata-rata nilai PKL yang berada pada kategori baik. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan capaian kompetensi berdasarkan konsentrasi keahlian maupun tahun pelaksanaan PKL. Konsentrasi Akuntansi menunjukkan capaian kompetensi tertinggi, sedangkan Teknik Sepeda Motor memiliki capaian terendah. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa karakteristik konsentrasi keahlian dan pelaksanaan PKL berkontribusi terhadap variasi kompetensi siswa. Hasil penelitian dapat menjadi dasar bagi sekolah dalam melakukan evaluasi dan penguatan program PKL untuk meningkatkan kesiapan kerja siswa secara lebih merata.
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