FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN TB PARU DI WILAYAH KERJA POSTO SAUDE GOULOLO, TIMOR-LESTE TAHUN 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v5i4.14421Keywords:
Tuberkulosis Paru, Faktor Sosial Ekonomi, Akses Pelayanan Kesehatan, PengetahuanAbstract
ABSTRACT
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Timor-Leste, particularly in areas with low socioeconomic conditions and limited access to healthcare services. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic factors, healthcare access, nutritional status, and environmental conditions with the incidence of pulmonary TB in the working area of Posto Saude Goulolo, Kailaku District, Bobonaro Regency. This study used a cross-sectional design involving 68 respondents. Data were collected through interviews and observations, then analyzed using the chi-square test for bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis. The results showed that the prevalence of pulmonary TB was 54.4%. Bivariate analysis revealed significant relationships between occupation (p=0.019), knowledge level (p=0.008), attitude (p=0.038), and environmental conditions (p=0.035) with pulmonary TB incidence, while family income, distance to healthcare facilities, and nutritional status showed no significant association. Multivariate analysis indicated that knowledge level was the most dominant factor associated with pulmonary TB incidence and acted as a protective factor (p=0.017; OR=0.214), with the model explaining 22.1% of the variation in pulmonary TB incidence. This study concludes that improving community knowledge and health literacy regarding TB prevention should be prioritized as an intervention strategy to reduce pulmonary TB incidence in the working area of Posto Saude Goulolo.
ABSTRAK
Tuberkulosis (TB) paru masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama di Timor-Leste, khususnya pada wilayah dengan kondisi sosial ekonomi rendah dan keterbatasan akses pelayanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan faktor sosial ekonomi, akses pelayanan kesehatan, status gizi, dan kondisi lingkungan dengan kejadian TB paru di wilayah kerja Posto Saude Goulolo, Kecamatan Kailaku, Kabupaten Bobonaro. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan melibatkan 68 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square pada analisis bivariat dan regresi logistik berganda pada analisis multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi kejadian TB paru sebesar 54,4%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pekerjaan (p=0,019), tingkat pengetahuan (p=0,008), sikap (p=0,038), dan kondisi lingkungan (p=0,035) dengan kejadian TB paru, sedangkan pendapatan keluarga, jarak ke fasilitas kesehatan, dan status gizi tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan merupakan faktor paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru dan berperan sebagai faktor protektif (p=0,017; OR=0,214), dengan kemampuan model menjelaskan 22,1% variasi kejadian TB paru. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan pengetahuan dan literasi kesehatan masyarakat mengenai pencegahan TB perlu menjadi prioritas intervensi untuk menurunkan kejadian TB paru di wilayah kerja Posto Saude Goulolo.
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