REKONSTRUKSI NILAI ADAB DALAM KITAB ĀDĀB SULŪK AL-MURĪD DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN MODERN

Abstract

This research is motivated by the existential moral crisis and ethical deconstruction in the world of modern education due to the penetration of materialism and utilitarianism that shift the orientation of learning to merely fulfilling the needs of the job market. The focus of this research problem is directed at analyzing the conception of morality in the book Ādāb Sulūk al-Murīd by Imam Abdullah bin Alawi al-Haddad, and reconstructing these classical values ​​to be relevant to the demands of contemporary pedagogy. Using a qualitative approach with the type of library research, the important steps or stages of the research are carried out rigidly through the mechanism of identifying the main text, coding values ​​based on relationship typology, textual hermeneutic interpretation, and conceptual synthesis. The research findings show that this turats manuscript offers three essential main dimensions, namely adab towards knowledge through the purification of intentions, adab towards teachers through the formation of ethical-dialogical relationships, and adab towards oneself to strengthen internal regulation (self-regulation). The main conclusion of the research confirms that the reconstruction of classical adab values ​​has been successfully formulated into an operational model of Adab-Based Learning (ABL). This model has proven effective in synergizing with modern educational theories such as intellectual humility, intrinsic motivation, and mindfulness to build a solid, balanced, and sustainable foundation for character education for today's generation.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh krisis moral eksistensial dan dekonstruksi etika dalam dunia pendidikan modern akibat penetrasi paham materialisme serta utilitarianisme yang menggeser orientasi belajar menjadi sekadar pemenuhan kebutuhan pasar kerja. Fokus masalah riset ini diarahkan pada analisis konsepsi moralitas dalam kitab Ādāb Sulūk al-Murīd karya Imam Abdullah bin Alawi al-Haddad, serta merekonstruksi nilai-nilai klasik tersebut agar relevan dengan tuntutan pedagogi kontemporer. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kepustakaan (library research), langkah atau tahapan penting penelitian dijalankan secara rigid melalui mekanisme identifikasi teks utama, koding nilai berdasarkan tipologi hubungan, interpretasi hermeneutika tekstual, serta sintesis konseptual. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa naskah turats ini menawarkan tiga dimensi utama yang esensial, yaitu adab terhadap ilmu melalui penyucian niat, adab terhadap guru lewat formasi relasi etis-dialogis, dan adab terhadap diri sendiri guna menguatkan regulasi internal (self-regulation). Simpulan utama riset menegaskan bahwa rekonstruksi nilai adab klasik tersebut berhasil diformulasikan menjadi model operasional Adab-Based Learning (ABL). Model ini terbukti efektif disinergikan dengan teori pendidikan modern seperti intellectual humility, motivasi intrinsik, dan mindfulness demi membangun fondasi pendidikan karakter yang kokoh, seimbang, serta berkelanjutan bagi generasi masa kini.