PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN EKONOMI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/social.v6i3.15518Keywords:
Problem Based Learning, Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis, Hasil Belajar, Pembelajaran EkonomiAbstract
ABSTRACT
Economic learning requires active student engagement in analyzing problems and developing critical thinking skills; however, learning that is less oriented toward problem solving may limit such engagement and students’ learning achievement. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ critical thinking skills and learning outcomes in Economics among Grade XII SOEKTIS 1 students at MAN 2 Mataram. The study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sample consisted of an experimental class and a control class selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through tests and observation and analyzed using the Independent Samples t-test and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). The results showed that PBL had a significant effect on students’ critical thinking skills and learning outcomes, as well as a significant effect on both variables simultaneously. Therefore, PBL can be considered an alternative instructional model for Economics learning to support the development of students’ critical thinking skills and learning achievement.
ABSTRAK
Pembelajaran Ekonomi memerlukan keterlibatan aktif siswa dalam menganalisis permasalahan dan mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, namun pembelajaran yang kurang berorientasi pada pemecahan masalah dapat membatasi keterlibatan tersebut dan pencapaian hasil belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Ekonomi kelas XII SOEKTIS 1 MAN 2 Mataram. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode quasi experimental dan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sampel terdiri atas kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes dan observasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Independent Samples t-test dan Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PBL berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar siswa, serta berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kedua variabel tersebut secara simultan. Dengan demikian, PBL dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif model pembelajaran Ekonomi yang mendukung pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pencapaian hasil belajar siswa.
Downloads
References
Amilusholihah, A., Sobandi, A., Mulyani, H., & Sutarni, N. (2024). Systematic literature review: Efektivitas model problem-based learning Kurikulum Merdeka pada pembelajaran Ekonomi SMA. Ideguru: Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru, 9(3), 1635–1643. https://doi.org/10.51169/ideguru.v9i3.1079
Andrianto, R. E., & Qodr, T. S. (2025). Improving critical thinking and problem-solving skills through PBL: Evidence from secondary education. Journal on Smart Learning Technologies, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.26740/jslt.v1i1.42727
Arifah, N., Nurhabibi, & Sofia, N. A. (2024). Improving concept understanding with problem-based learning: Action research at State Elementary School 106218 Pematang Toba. Journal of Indonesian Primary School, 1(4), 33–42.
https://doi.org/10.62945/jips.v1i4.222
Aslan, A. (2021). Problem-based learning in live online classes: Learning achievement, problem-solving skill, communication skill, and interaction. Computers & Education, 171, 104237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104237
Chen, T., Zhao, Y.-J., Huang, F.-Q., Liu, Q., Li, Y., Alolga, R. N., Zhang, L., & Ma, G. (2024). The effect of problem-based learning on improving problem-solving, self-directed learning, and critical thinking ability for the pharmacy students: A randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 19(12), e0314017.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314017
Dayu, D. P. K., Pratiwi, C. P., & Hakim, P. R. (2022). Problem-based learning model to increase students’ critical thinking. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(3), 4672–4678.
https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2842
Dewi, Y. M., Astija, & Budiarsa, I. M. (2024). Problem based learning assisted by the Padlet application on critical thinking abilities and collaboration skills. Journal of Education Action Research, 8(1), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.23887/jear.v8i1.77566
Fussalam, Y. E., Silvia, R., Rahmawati, S., Sartika, D., Aprillitzavivayarti, & Marlina, L. (2023). Fostering students' cognitive abilities using Teams Games Tournament (TGT): An action research. Indonesian Research Journal in Education, 7(2), 407–419. https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/irje/article/view/27605
Hasanah, U., Surur, M., & Mujiyanti, S. A. (2026). The effect of problem-based learning (PBL) on the critical thinking of students in Economics class XI at MA As Salamah in the 2024–2025 academic year. Algebra: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Sains. https://doi.org/10.58432/e8mgzv28
Howard, E. H., & Sarbaum, J. S. (2022). Addressing study skills, learning theory and critical thinking skills in Principles of Economics courses. Frontiers in Education, 7, Article 770464. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.770464
Kurniasih, E., Raharjo, T. J., & Yuwono, A. (2024). Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning for improved learning outcomes and critical thinking. Pasundan Journal of Mathematics Education: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 14(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.23969/pjme.v14i1.13358
Lalopua, S. F., & Pinoa, W. S. (2025). The implementation of problem-based learning (PBL) model to improve students' learning outcomes and critical thinking skills in Social Studies-Geography at SMP Negeri 77 Maluku Tengah. GEOFORUM, 4(1), 20–35. https://doi.org/10.30598/geoforumvol4iss1pp20-35
Nurhaidah, W. O. S., Wuisang, J., Slat, F., & Makaliwe, N. (2025). Penerapan model PBL untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Ekonomi kelas XI di SMA Negeri 2 Batauga tahun pelajaran 2023/2024. Literacy: Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, 4(1S).
https://doi.org/10.53682/jpeunima.v4i1s.8174
Orhan, A. (2024). Online or in-class problem based learning: Which one is more effective in enhancing learning outcomes and critical thinking in higher education EFL classroom? Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 40(5), 2351–2368.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.13033
Putri, F. M., Jupri, A., & Juandi, D. (2024). Analisis penerapan model Problem Based Learning dalam pembelajaran matematika. Suska Journal of Mathematics Education, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.24014/sjme.v10i1.28017
Ratnasari, A. D., Wahyudi, W., & Permana, I. (2022). Penerapan problem based learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran tematik. Scholaria: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 12(3), 261–266.
https://doi.org/10.24246/j.js.2022.v12.i3.p261-266
Ridwan, V. B., & Mustofa. (2023). Penerapan model problem based learning untuk meningkatkan critical thinking dan hasil belajar ekonomi. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 8(1), 6837–6848.
https://www.journal.unpas.ac.id/index.php/pendas/article/view/9070
Sakti, N. C., Soesatyo, Y., Surjanti, J., Fitrayati, D., & Nurlaili, E. I. (2023). Pengembangan strategi membangun critical thinking melalui pembelajaran ekonomi berbasis konstruktivistik. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Undiksha, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.23887/jjpe.v15i1.61743
Siegfried, J. J., & Colander, D. (2022). What does critical thinking mean in teaching economics?: The big and the little of it. The Journal of Economic Education, 53(1), 71–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220485.2021.2004278
Sormin, E., Simanjuntak, F. N., Karya, S., & Enjelina. (2025). Implementation of problem-based learning model to improve students' critical thinking skills: The case of Christian University of Indonesia. Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 38(4), 322–328. https://doi.org/10.9734/jesbs/2025/v38i41422
Suryadi, S., Hamdani, M. I. I., & Fuad, A. D. (2025). The effectiveness of problem-based learning in improving students' critical thinking skills. Jurnal Kiprah Pendidikan, 4(3), 411–418. https://doi.org/10.33578/kpd.v4i3.p411-418
Wijaya, S. A., Djatmika, E. T., Sugeng, B., & Rahayu, W. P. (2024). Eco-mobile learning for enhancing critical thinking skills among university students. Jurnal Pendidikan Bisnis dan Manajemen, 10(1), 101–109. https://doi.org/10.17977/um003v10i12024p101
Yu, L., & Zin, Z. M. (2023). The critical thinking-oriented adaptations of problem-based learning models: A systematic review. Frontiers in Education, 8, Article 1139987. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1139987
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 SOCIAL : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPS
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
