PROFIL KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS X DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI DI KABUPATEN PIDIE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/science.v6i3.14724Keywords:
Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis, Pembelajaran Biologi, Siswa SMA, Kurikulum Merdeka, Kabupaten PidieAbstract
Critical thinking is an essential competency that should be fostered through Biology education to prepare students for the demands of 21st-century learning and the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. However, evidence suggests that students’ critical thinking skills remain insufficiently developed, highlighting the need to identify their current proficiency as a basis for instructional improvement. This study aimed to describe the profile of Grade X senior high school students’ critical thinking skills in Biology learning in Pidie Regency, Indonesia. A descriptive quantitative research design was employed involving 325 Grade X students. Data were collected through an essay-based critical thinking test developed according to Facione’s six indicators of critical thinking, namely interpretation, analysis, inference, evaluation, explanation, and self-regulation, as well as questionnaires administered to teachers and students regarding Biology instruction. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that the overall mean score of students’ critical thinking skills was 38.91, which was categorized as very low. Among the six indicators, interpretation obtained the highest mean score (45.38, low category), while analysis (36.31), inference (40.08), evaluation (38.85), explanation (35.38), and self-regulation (37.77) remained in the very low category. Questionnaire results further indicated that Biology instruction was still predominantly teacher-centered and had not effectively promoted students’ critical thinking skills. The study concludes that strengthening student-centered, contextual, and inquiry-oriented Biology learning is essential to improve students’ critical thinking skills in line with the objectives of the Merdeka Curriculum.
ABSTRAK
Keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan kompetensi esensial yang perlu dikembangkan dalam pembelajaran Biologi untuk mendukung pencapaian kompetensi abad ke-21 dan implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka. Namun, kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa di berbagai sekolah masih menunjukkan hasil yang belum optimal, sehingga diperlukan pemetaan kondisi aktual sebagai dasar perbaikan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan profil keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X SMA pada mata pelajaran Biologi di Kabupaten Pidie. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 325 siswa kelas X SMA sebagai sampel penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes uraian yang dikembangkan berdasarkan enam indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis Facione, yaitu interpretasi, analisis, inferensi, evaluasi, eksplanasi, dan pengaturan diri, serta angket yang diberikan kepada guru dan siswa untuk memperoleh gambaran pelaksanaan pembelajaran Biologi. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa hanya mencapai skor 38,91 yang termasuk kategori sangat rendah. Berdasarkan indikator, skor interpretasi mencapai 45,38 (rendah), sedangkan analisis (36,31), inferensi (40,08), evaluasi (38,85), eksplanasi (35,38), dan pengaturan diri (37,77) berada pada kategori sangat rendah. Hasil angket juga menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran biologi masih didominasi oleh pendekatan berpusat pada guru dan belum secara optimal memfasilitasi pengembangan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X SMA di Kabupaten Pidie masih memerlukan penguatan melalui penerapan pembelajaran Biologi yang lebih aktif, berpusat pada siswa, kontekstual, dan selaras dengan implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka.
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