DINAMIKA POLITIK HUKUM DALAM PENETAPAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH PENGGANTI UNDANG-UNDANG (PERPPU): STUDI TERHADAP DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PRINSIP CHECK AND BALANCES KEKUASAAN NEGARA
Keywords:
perppu, politik hukum, checks and balaces, kekuasaan negara, kegentingan yang memaksaAbstract
ABSTRACT
This study aims to examine the dynamics of legal politics in the stipulation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Perppu) and its impact on the principle of checks and balances in the Indonesian constitutional system. In the context of the presidential system adopted by Indonesia, the President's authority in issuing Perppu often raises debates because it is prone to be misused for practical political interests, not solely for the sake of legal interests in conditions of compelling urgency. This research uses a juridical-normative approach with qualitative analysis techniques based on document studies of laws and regulations, decisions of the Constitutional Court, and scientific articles in the last five years. The results show that the issuance of Perppu is often driven by political calculations of power, with justifications of urgency that are not always objectively tested. This condition results in the weakening of the legislative and judicial control functions over executive power, thus potentially disrupting the balance of power (checks and balances) in a constitutional democratic system. For this reason, it is necessary to strengthen institutional oversight mechanisms and redefine the concept of “compelling urgency” more strictly to prevent abuse of authority in the emergency legislation process. This research provides an important contribution to the formulation of more transparent and accountable legal politics in the future.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika politik hukum dalam penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (Perppu) serta dampaknya terhadap prinsip checks and balances dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Dalam konteks sistem presidensial yang dianut Indonesia, kewenangan Presiden dalam menerbitkan Perppu sering menimbulkan perdebatan karena rawan disalahgunakan untuk kepentingan politik praktis, bukan semata-mata demi kepentingan hukum dalam kondisi kegentingan yang memaksa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dengan teknik analisis kualitatif yang didasarkan pada studi dokumen peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, serta artikel-artikel ilmiah dalam lima tahun terakhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerbitan Perppu sering kali didorong oleh kalkulasi politik kekuasaan, dengan justifikasi kegentingan yang tidak selalu teruji secara objektif. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan melemahnya fungsi kontrol legislatif dan yudikatif terhadap kekuasaan eksekutif, sehingga berpotensi mengganggu keseimbangan kekuasaan (checks and balances) dalam sistem demokrasi konstitusional. Untuk itu, diperlukan penguatan mekanisme pengawasan institusional serta redefinisi konsep “kegentingan yang memaksa” secara lebih ketat guna mencegah penyalahgunaan kewenangan dalam proses legislasi darurat. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi perumusan politik hukum yang lebih transparan dan akuntabel di masa mendatang.
References
Perdana, F. C., & Alidrus, Y. S. (2023). Analysis of the Legitimacy of the State of Emergency in Forming Perppu Number 2 of 2022 Concerning Job Creation. Asian Journal of Social and Humanities, 1(9). https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v1i09.59
Zulwisman, Z., & Diegio, M. (2023). Analysis of the Issuance of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (PERPPU) Number 2 Year 2022 in the Perspective of Law Formation Politics. Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia Law Journal, 3(2), 151–165. https://doi.org/10.15294/ipmhi.v3i2.67018
Fitirawati, H. T. D., & Zaidir, N. (2022). Analisis Perppu sebagai Salah Satu Jenis Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Berdasarkan UU No. 12 Tahun 2022. Limbago: Journal of Constitutional Law, 2(3), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.22437/limbago.v2i3.20041
Sumodiningrat, A. (2023). Constitutional Disobedience of Constitutional Court Decisions: A Study of Job Creation Government Regulation in Lieu of Law. Constitution Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.35719/constitution.v2i1.50
Al Yasir, Z. A. M. (2024). The Notion of Public Participation in the Making of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (PERPU) in Indonesia. South-East Asian Journal of Advanced Law and Governance, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/seajalgov.16940
Zulwisman, Z., & Diegio, M. (2023). Analysis of the Issuance of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (PERPPU) Number 2 Year 2022 in the Perspective of Law Formation Politics. Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia Law Journal, 3(2), 151–165. https://doi.org/10.15294/ipmhi.v3i2.67018
Perdana, F. C., & Alidrus, Y. S. (2023). Analysis of the Legitimacy of the State of Emergency in Forming Perppu Number 2 of 2022 Concerning Job Creation. Asian Journal of Social and Humanities, 1(9). https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v1i09.59
Fitirawati, H. T. D., & Zaidir, N. (2022). Analisis Perppu sebagai Salah Satu Jenis Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Berdasarkan UU No. 12 Tahun 2022. Limbago: Journal of Constitutional Law, 2(3), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.22437/limbago.v2i3.20041
Sumodiningrat, A. (2023). Constitutional Disobedience of Constitutional Court Decisions: A Study of Job Creation Government Regulation in Lieu of Law. Constitution Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.35719/constitution.v2i1.50
Al Yasir, Z. A. M. (2024). The Notion of Public Participation in the Making of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (PERPU) in Indonesia. South-East Asian Journal of Advanced Law and Governance, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/seajalgov.16940
Perdana, F. C., & Alidrus, Y. S. (2023). Analysis of the Legitimacy of the State of Emergency in Forming Perppu Number 2 of 2022 Concerning Job Creation. Asian Journal of Social and Humanities, 1(9). https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v1i09.59
Zulwisman, Z., & Diegio, M. (2023). Analysis of the Issuance of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (PERPPU) Number 2 Year 2022 in the Perspective of Law Formation Politics. Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia Law Journal, 3(2), 151–165. https://doi.org/10.15294/ipmhi.v3i2.67018
Fitirawati, H. T. D., & Zaidir, N. (2022). Analisis Perppu sebagai Salah Satu Jenis Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Berdasarkan UU No. 12 Tahun 2022. Limbago: Journal of Constitutional Law, 2(3), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.22437/limbago.v2i3.20041
Sumodiningrat, A. (2023). Constitutional Disobedience of Constitutional Court Decisions: A Study of Job Creation Government Regulation in Lieu of Law. Constitution Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.35719/constitution.v2i1.50
Al Yasir, Z. A. M. (2024). The Notion of Public Participation in the Making of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (PERPU) in Indonesia. South-East Asian Journal of Advanced Law and Governance, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/seajalgov.16940
Perdana, F. C., & Alidrus, Y. S. (2023). Analysis of the Legitimacy of the State of Emergency in Forming Perppu Number 2 of 2022 Concerning Job Creation. Asian Journal of Social and Humanities, 1(9). https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v1i09.59
Zulwisman, Z., & Diegio, M. (2023). Analysis of the Issuance of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (PERPPU) Number 2 Year 2022 in the Perspective of Law Formation Politics. Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia Law Journal, 3(2), 151–165. https://doi.org/10.15294/ipmhi.v3i2.67018
Fitirawati, H. T. D., & Zaidir, N. (2022). Analisis Perppu sebagai Salah Satu Jenis Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Berdasarkan UU No. 12 Tahun 2022. Limbago: Journal of Constitutional Law, 2(3), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.22437/limbago.v2i3.20041
Sumodiningrat, A. (2023). Constitutional Disobedience of Constitutional Court Decisions: A Study of Job Creation Government Regulation in Lieu of Law. Constitution Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.35719/constitution.v2i1.50
Al Yasir, Z. A. M. (2024). The Notion of Public Participation in the Making of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (PERPU) in Indonesia. South-East Asian Journal of Advanced Law and Governance, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/seajalgov.16940
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