HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS PENYAKIT, STATUS GIZI, DAN ONSET DENGAN MANIFESTASI NEUROPSIKIATRI PADA SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS ANAK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/paedagogy.v6i2.9642Keywords:
Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik, Neuropsikiatri, Status Gizi, Aktivitas PenyakitAbstract
ABSTRACT
Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE) is a severe complication among pediatric patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) that can significantly reduce quality of life and increase morbidity. Neuropsychiatric manifestations in pediatric SLE are influenced by various clinical factors that remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between disease activity, nutritional status, and disease onset with neuropsychiatric manifestations in children with SLE. This study was conducted using an analytic observational cross sectional design involving 32 pediatric SLE patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations treated at RS Ngoerah in 2024. Independent variables included nutritional status, disease activity measured by the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and disease onset, while the dependent variable was the type of neuropsychiatric manifestation. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square tests and logistic regression. The results demonstrated significant associations between nutritional status (p=0.024), SLEDAI score (p=0.008), and disease onset (p=0.043) with neuropsychiatric manifestations. However, multivariate analysis revealed no statistically significant predictors (p>0.05). In conclusion, nutritional status, disease activity, and disease onset are associated with neuropsychiatric manifestations in pediatric SLE patients, although these associations were not significant in multivariate analysis.
ABSTRAK
Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE) merupakan komplikasi berat pada pasien anak dengan Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup serta meningkatkan angka kesakitan. Manifestasi neuropsikiatri pada SLE anak dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor klinis yang hingga kini masih memerlukan kajian lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara aktivitas penyakit lupus, status gizi, dan onset penyakit dengan manifestasi neuropsikiatri pada anak dengan SLE. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang (cross-sectional). Subjek penelitian adalah 32 pasien anak berusia 0–18 tahun dengan diagnosis SLE yang mengalami manifestasi neuropsikiatri dan dirawat di RS Ngoerah pada tahun 2024. Variabel independen meliputi status gizi, skor aktivitas penyakit lupus berdasarkan Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), dan onset penyakit, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah jenis manifestasi neuropsikiatri. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi (p=0,024), skor SLEDAI (p=0,008), dan onset penyakit (p=0,043) dengan manifestasi neuropsikiatri. Namun, analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada variabel yang berperan signifikan sebagai prediktor manifestasi neuropsikiatri (p>0,05). Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa status gizi, aktivitas penyakit lupus, dan onset penyakit berhubungan dengan manifestasi neuropsikiatri pada anak dengan SLE, meskipun tidak menunjukkan signifikansi dalam analisis multivariat.
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