VALIDASI BAHAN AJAR ENSIKLOPEDIA BERMUATAN KEARIFAN LOKAL PEMBELAJARAN IPAS MATERI STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI TUMBUHAN KELAS IV

Abstract

This study was conducted to design and produce an instructional material development product in the form of a locally based digital encyclopedia on the topic of plant structures and the functions of their parts for Grade IV elementary IPAS learning. The study was motivated by the suboptimal use of digital instructional materials at SD Negeri 165/I Sengkawang, even though technological facilities are available, causing learning to remain largely dependent on textbooks and less contextual. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE framework, implemented only up to the development stage, with a primary focus on expert validation. Data were collected qualitatively through direct interviews with teachers and students to identify learning needs, and quantitatively through validation sheets completed by a subject-matter expert, a language expert, and a media expert using a Likert scale. Quantitative data were analyzed by calculating the percentage of the obtained score relative to the maximum score and classifying it into validity categories. The validation results indicated that the instructional material achieved a very high feasibility level, with language expert feasibility at 94%, content expert feasibility at 94%, and media expert feasibility at 98%, and an average validity of 95% categorized as highly valid. These findings show that the developed digital encyclopedia meets feasibility criteria in terms of content accuracy, language quality, and media design, and has the potential to support a more engaging and well-targeted learning experience that aligns with the cultural environment of elementary school students.

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang dan menghasilkan sebuah produk pengembangan bahan ajar berupa ensiklopedia digital bermuatan kearifan lokal pada topik struktur serta fungsi bagian-bagian tumbuhan untuk pembelajaran IPAS kelas IV sekolah dasar. Latar belakang penelitian berangkat dari belum optimalnya pemanfaatan bahan ajar digital di SD Negeri 165/I Sengkawang meskipun sarana teknologi tersedia, sehingga pembelajaran masih cenderung bergantung pada buku teks dan kurang kontekstual. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan kerangka ADDIE pelaksanaannya hanya dilakukan hingga fase pengembangan (development), terutama pada proses validasi ahli. Pendataan dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan melakukan tanya jawab langsung bersama guru dan peserta didik untuk memetakan kebutuhan, serta secara kuantitatif melalui lembar validasi ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan ahli media berbantuan skala Likert. Data kuantitatif dianalisis untuk menghitung persentase perbandingan skor perolehan terhadap skor maksimal dan mengklasifikasikannya ke kategori kevalidan. Temuan dari tahap validasi memperlihatkan bahwa bahan ajar tersebut memperoleh penilaian tingkat kelayakan yang sangat tinggi, dengan kelayakan ahli bahasa 94%, ahli materi 94%, dan ahli media 98%, serta rata-rata kevalidan 95% pada kategori sangat valid. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ensiklopedia digital yang dirancang sudah memenuhi kriteria kelayakan dari aspek ketepatan materi, kebahasaan, dan tampilan media, serta berpotensi mendukung suasana belajar yang lebih menyenangkan sekaligus tepat sasaran dengan lingkungan budaya siswa sekolah dasar.