ELEMENTARY: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Dasar
ELEMENTARY: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Dasar | Terakreditasi Sinta 5 diterbitkan 4 kali setahun (Januari, April, Juli dan Oktober) oleh Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia (P4I) yang berafiliasi dengan Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia. Jurnal ini berisi artikel hasil pemikiran dan penelitian yang ditulis oleh para guru, dosen, pakar, ilmuwan, praktisi, dan pengkaji dalam semua disiplin ilmu yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan dasar. e-ISSN : 2774-7034| p-ISSN : 2774-8014
Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia
IMPLEMENTASI STEM DI SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM MENGHADAPI TANTANGAN PEMBELAJARAN DAN PENDEKATAN PENDIDIKAN ABAD KE 21
ABSTRACT The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) approach has been widely recommended as an instructional strategy for addressing the demands of 21st-century skills, including critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication. However, the implementation of STEM in elementary schools still faces various challenges related to teachers, curriculum, facilities, and students’ characteristics. This article aims to comprehensively examine the challenges of implementing STEM in elementary schools and their implications for the learning process. This study employed a descriptive qualitative literature review. The research stages consisted of: (1) searching for articles from reputable national and international journals published within the last three years (2022–2024); (2) selecting articles based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria; (3) conducting content analysis to identify major themes related to STEM implementation challenges; and (4) synthesizing research findings to identify consistent patterns across studies. The results indicate that the main challenges include teachers’ limited understanding of STEM concepts and integration, lack of continuous professional development, insufficient learning facilities and media, and difficulties in aligning STEM with the existing curriculum. In addition, variations in elementary school students’ readiness levels also affect the effectiveness of STEM implementation. This article is expected to serve as a reference for educators and policymakers in developing more effective and sustainable strategies for strengthening STEM implementation in elementary schools. ABSTRAK Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) menjadi salah satu strategi pembelajaran yang direkomendasikan untuk menjawab tuntutan keterampilan abad ke-21, seperti berpikir kritis, kreativitas, kolaborasi, dan komunikasi. Namun, implementasi STEM di sekolah dasar (SD) masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, baik dari aspek guru, kurikulum, sarana prasarana, maupun karakteristik siswa. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara komprehensif tantangan implementasi STEM di sekolah dasar serta implikasinya terhadap proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Tahapan penelitian meliputi: (1) penelusuran artikel ilmiah dari jurnal internasional dan nasional bereputasi yang dipublikasikan dalam tiga tahun terakhir (2022–2024); (2) seleksi artikel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi; (3) analisis isi (content analysis) untuk mengidentifikasi tema-tema utama terkait tantangan implementasi STEM; serta (4) sintesis hasil penelitian untuk memperoleh pola temuan yang konsisten. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan utama implementasi STEM di sekolah dasar meliputi keterbatasan pemahaman guru tentang konsep dan integrasi STEM, minimnya pelatihan profesional berkelanjutan, keterbatasan fasilitas dan media pembelajaran, serta kesulitan dalam mengintegrasikan STEM dengan kurikulum yang berlaku. Selain itu, perbedaan kesiapan siswa sekolah dasar juga memengaruhi efektivitas penerapan STEM. Artikel ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan bagi pendidik dan pemangku kebijakan dalam merumuskan strategi penguatan implementasi STEM yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan di sekolah dasar.
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VALIDITAS MODUL DIGITAL BERBASIS CANVA PADA PLATFORM HEYZINE FLIPBOOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN DEEP LEARNING MATERI SUMBER ENERGI KELAS III SD
Science learning at the elementary school level requires the availability of teaching materials that are able to present concepts concretely, contextually, and in line with the developmental stages of students' learning. However, the teaching materials used in third-grade science learning are still dominated by printed modules that tend to be textual and lack interactivity, so they do not fully support conceptual understanding, especially in the material on energy sources. This research is directed at developing and assessing the feasibility of a Canva-based digital module published through the Heyzine Flipbook platform by integrating a deep learning approach in third-grade science learning in elementary school. The method applied is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model that includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, but the implementation of the research is limited to the development stage because the focus of the study is on testing the validity of the product. The digital module was designed using the Canva application and presented in the form of an interactive digital book through the Heyzine Flipbook platform. The product assessment stage involved three experts, namely a material expert, a language expert, and a media expert, with a five-level Likert scale questionnaire instrument. The data obtained were analyzed using a percentage technique to determine the level of module validity. The results of the study indicate that the digital module is categorized as very valid in all assessment aspects, including the feasibility of the material, language, and media, with an average validity level of 95.44%. Therefore, the resulting digital module is considered suitable for use as a science and science teaching material on energy sources for third-grade elementary school students. However, this study has not included practicality and effectiveness tests, so further research is needed to examine its application in classroom learning. ABSTRAK Pembelajaran IPAS pada jenjang sekolah dasar menuntut ketersediaan bahan ajar yang mampu menyajikan konsep secara konkret, kontekstual, serta selaras dengan tahap perkembangan belajar peserta didik. Namun, bahan ajar yang digunakan pada pembelajaran IPAS kelas III masih didominasi oleh modul cetak yang cenderung bersifat tekstual dan minim interaktivitas, sehingga belum sepenuhnya mendukung pemahaman konsep, khususnya pada materi sumber energi. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengembangkan sekaligus menilai tingkat kelayakan modul digital berbasis Canva yang dipublikasikan melalui platform Heyzine Flipbook dengan mengintegrasikan pendekatan deep learning dalam pembelajaran IPAS kelas III sekolah dasar. Metode yang diterapkan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang mencakup tahapan analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation, namun pelaksanaan penelitian dibatasi hingga tahap development karena fokus kajian berada pada pengujian validitas produk. Modul digital dirancang menggunakan aplikasi Canva dan disajikan dalam bentuk buku digital interaktif melalui platform Heyzine Flipbook. Tahap penilaian produk melibatkan tiga pakar, yaitu ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan ahli media, dengan instrumen angket skala Likert lima tingkat. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan teknik persentase untuk mengetahui tingkat validitas modul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul digital berada pada kategori sangat valid pada seluruh aspek penilaian, meliputi kelayakan materi, kebahasaan, dan media, dengan rata-rata tingkat kevalidan sebesar 95,44%. Oleh karena itu, modul digital yang dihasilkan dinilai layak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan ajar IPAS materi sumber energi bagi peserta didik kelas III sekolah dasar. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini belum mencakup uji kepraktisan dan efektivitas sehingga diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk mengkaji penerapannya dalam pembelajaran di kelas.
VALIDITAS E-MODUL INTERAKTIF HEYZINE FLIPBOOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN DEEP LEARNING PADA MATERI SIKLUS HIDUP HEWAN KELAS III SD
This study aims to develop an interactive e-module based on the Heyzine Flipbook as well as evaluate its level of validity by applying Deep Learning approaches to elementary school grade III animal life cycle materials. The methods used are research and development (Research and Development) with the stages of development referring to ADDIE model which includes analysis, design, development, limited implementation and evaluation. The assessment of product viability is done through validation by linguists, subject matter experts and media experts using the validation sheet instrument. The validation result data is descriptively analyzed by converting the assessment score into a percentage to determine the product validity category. The results of the study showed that the developed interactive e-modules achieved a very high level of validity, with an assessment percentage of 97.78% linguists, 95.56% subject matter experts and 97,50% media experts as well as an overall average of 96.92%. Reviewed from the linguistic aspect, e-modules are assessed using a language that is easy to understand, communicative and appropriate for learner development. From the material aspect, e-module contents have been organized in line with curriculum, learning reach and learning objectives of IPAS grade III. While from the media aspect, visual displays, navigation systems and interactive features are judged to support active and meaningful learning. Therefore, Heyzine Flipbook-based interactive e-modules with Deep Learning approach were declared to be suitable for use as learning media of IPAS grade III primary school. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan e-modul interaktif berbasis Heyzine Flipbook serta menelaah tingkat validitasnya dengan menerapkan pendekatan Deep Learning pada materi siklus hidup hewan kelas III sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan tahapan pengembangan mengacu pada model ADDIE yang mencakup analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi terbatas, dan evaluasi. Penilaian kelayakan produk dilakukan melalui validasi oleh ahli bahasa, ahli materi, dan ahli media menggunakan instrumen lembar validasi. Data hasil validasi dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan mengubah skor penilaian ke dalam bentuk persentase guna menentukan kategori kevalidan produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa e-modul interaktif yang dikembangkan memperoleh tingkat validitas sangat tinggi, dengan persentase penilaian ahli bahasa sebesar 97,78%, ahli materi 95,56%, dan ahli media 97,50%, serta rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar 96,92%. Ditinjau dari aspek kebahasaan, e-modul dinilai menggunakan bahasa yang mudah dipahami, komunikatif, dan sesuai dengan perkembangan peserta didik. Dari aspek materi, isi e-modul telah disusun selaras dengan kurikulum, capaian pembelajaran, dan tujuan pembelajaran IPAS kelas III. Sementara dari aspek media, tampilan visual, sistem navigasi, dan fitur interaktif dinilai mampu mendukung pembelajaran yang aktif dan bermakna. Oleh karena itu, e-modul interaktif berbasis Heyzine Flipbook dengan pendekatan Deep Learning dinyatakan layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran IPAS kelas III sekolah dasar.
VALIDITAS MEDIA DIGITAL BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL BATIK JAMBI UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN IPAS PERUBAHAN WUJUD ZAT KELAS IV
This research focuses on the development of a digital learning media that highlights the local wisdom of Jambi Batik as a learning context for the material of changes in the state of matter for fourth grade elementary school students. The use of local cultural elements is expected to make the concept of science and natural sciences feel more concrete, meaningful, and close to the daily experiences of students, thereby helping them understand the material more easily. The method used is research and development (R&D) with the DDD-E model which includes the stages of Decide (determining needs and objectives), Design (media design), Develop (product creation and refinement), and Evaluate (assessment and improvement). Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and questionnaires. After the media was developed, a validation test was conducted to assess its feasibility and quality, involving three validators, namely media experts, material experts, and language experts. The validation results showed an average score of 95% from media experts with a feasible category, 97.5% from material experts with a very feasible category, and 98% from language experts with a feasible category. Based on these findings, the digital learning media based on the local wisdom of Jambi Batik on the material of changes in the state of matter for fourth grade elementary school students is declared to meet the eligibility criteria and can be used as an alternative media in classroom learning activities. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini difokuskan pada pengembangan sebuah media pembelajaran digital yang mengangkat kearifan lokal Batik Jambi sebagai konteks pembelajaran materi perubahan wujud zat untuk siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Pemanfaatan unsur budaya lokal tersebut diharapkan dapat membuat konsep IPAS terasa lebih konkret, bermakna, dan dekat dengan pengalaman sehari-hari peserta didik, sehingga membantu mereka memahami materi dengan lebih mudah. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development/R&D) dengan model DDD-E yang meliputi tahapan Decide (penentuan kebutuhan dan tujuan), Design (perancangan media), Develop (pembuatan dan penyempurnaan produk), serta Evaluate (penilaian dan perbaikan). Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan penyebaran angket. Setelah media selesai dikembangkan, dilakukan uji validasi untuk menilai kelayakan dan kualitasnya, melibatkan tiga validator, yaitu ahli media, ahli materi, dan ahli bahasa. Hasil validasi menunjukkan skor rata-rata persentase 95% dari ahli media dengan kategori layak, 97,5% dari ahli materi dengan kategori sangat layak, serta 98% dari ahli bahasa dengan kategori layak. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, media pembelajaran digital berbasis kearifan lokal Batik Jambi pada materi perubahan wujud zat untuk siswa kelas IV SD dinyatakan memenuhi kriteria kelayakan dan dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif media dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas.
UJI VALIDITAS BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS DEEP LEARNING BERBANTUAN HEYZINE FLIPBOOK MATERI KERAGAMAN BUDAYA INDONESIA KELAS IV
Digital transformation in education demands flexible, interactive learning focused on developing 21st-century competencies. However, preliminary research conducted in fourth-grade students at SD 182/I Hutan Lindung (Protected Forest Elementary School) showed that the current teaching materials are still general, teacher-centered, and not tailored to the needs and characteristics of students. The materials have not optimally integrated deep learning, and the use of digital technology is still limited, resulting in one-way learning and minimal student participation. This results in the delivery of Indonesian Cultural Diversity material being textual, lacking contextual and visual elements. This results in low student enthusiasm, focus, and activeness in asking questions and discussing, and a lack of in-depth understanding of the material. These conditions cause the learning process to be one-way and not contextual and visual. As a result, students are less enthusiastic, active, and understand the subject matter. This study aims to test the validity of deep learning-based teaching materials assisted by flipbook heyzine on Indonesian Cultural Diversity material for fourth-grade elementary school students. This study uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The validation process was carried out by material experts, linguists, and design experts using a validation sheet as a research instrument. The data obtained were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques. The results showed that the validation of material experts obtained an average value of 4.90, validation of linguists was 4.88, and validation of design experts was 4.89, all of which were in the very valid category. Thus, the deep learning-based teaching material assisted by heyzine flipbooks was declared very valid and suitable for use in learning the material of Indonesian Cultural Diversity in grade IV of elementary school and can be continued to the implementation stage to test its practicality and impact on learning outcomes. ABSTRAK Transformasi digital dalam dunia pendidikan menuntut pembelajaran yang fleksibel, interaktif, dan berfokus pada pengembangan kompetensi abad ke-21. Namun, penelitian awal yang dilakukan di kelas IV SD 182/I Hutan Lindung, menunjukkan bahwa, bahan ajar yang digunakan saat ini masih bersifat umum, teacher-centered, dan belum disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan serta karakteristik peserta didik. Materi belum mengintegrasikan deep learning secara optimal dan pemanfaatan teknologi digital masih terbatas, sehingga pembelajaran cenderung satu arah dan minim partisipasi siswa. Hal ini menyebabkan penyampaian materi Keragaman Budaya Indonesia masih tekstual, kurang kontekstual dan visual, sehingga antusiasme, fokus, dan keaktifan siswa dalam bertanya maupun berdiskusi rendah, serta pemahaman terhadap materi belum berkembang secara mendalam. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan proses pembelajaran menjadi satu arah dan tidak kontekstual dan visual. Akibatnya, peserta didik kurang antusias, aktif, dan memahami materi pelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji validitas bahan ajar berbasis deep learning berbantuan heyzine flipbook pada materi Keragaman Budaya Indonesia untuk peserta didik kelas IV sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang meliputi tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Proses validasi dilakukan oleh ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan ahli desain dengan menggunakan lembar validasi sebagai instrumen penelitian. Data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validasi ahli materi memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 4,90, validasi ahli bahasa sebesar 4,88, dan validasi ahli desain sebesar 4,89, yang seluruhnya berada pada kategori sangat valid. Dengan demikian, bahan ajar berbasis deep learning berbantuan heyzine flipbook dinyatakan sangat valid dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran materi Keragaman Budaya Indonesia di kelas IV sekolah dasar dan dapat dilanjutkan pada tahap implementasi untuk menguji kepraktisan serta dampaknya terhadap capaian belajar.
VALIDITAS MODUL DIGITAL INTERAKTIF BERBANTUAN HEYZINE FLIPBOOK BERPENDEKATAN DEEP LEARNING MATERI SIFAT CAHAYA KELAS V
The development of an interactive digital module supported by Heyzine Flipbook and incorporating a deep learning approach aims to describe its validity level in IPAS instruction on the topic of light properties for fifth-grade elementary school students. This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model; however, the process was limited to the development stage because the study focused solely on evaluating product feasibility through expert validation, without conducting small-group or large-group trials. The analysis stage was carried out to identify learning needs, student characteristics, and problems encountered in IPAS learning on the topic of light properties. The design stage included outlining the module structure, preparing deep learning-based material, and designing an interactive module display using Heyzine Flipbook. The development stage involved developing the module based on the design and validating it by language, content, and media experts using validation sheets. The results showed that the module was categorized as very valid, with validity percentages of 96% for language aspects, 98% for content aspects, and 90% for media aspects. Therefore, the Heyzine Flipbook-assisted interactive digital module is highly feasible for use in IPAS learning on the topic of light properties in grade V elementary school. ABSTRAK Pengembangan modul digital interaktif berbantuan Heyzine Flipbook dengan pendekatan deep learning ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat validitasnya pada pembelajaran IPAS materi sifat cahaya bagi siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE, namun prosesnya dibatasi sampai tahap development karena fokus kajian hanya pada penilaian kelayakan produk melalui validasi ahli, tanpa uji coba kelompok kecil maupun kelompok besar. Tahap analysis dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan pembelajaran, karakteristik siswa, serta permasalahan yang muncul dalam pembelajaran IPAS pada materi sifat cahaya. Tahap design meliputi perancangan struktur modul, penyusunan materi berbasis deep learning, dan desain tampilan interaktif menggunakan Heyzine Flipbook. Tahap development mencakup pengembangan modul sesuai rancangan dan validasi oleh ahli bahasa, ahli materi, serta ahli media menggunakan lembar validasi. Hasil validasi menunjukkan modul berada pada kategori sangat valid dengan persentase aspek bahasa 96%, aspek materi 98%, dan aspek media 90%. Dengan demikian, modul digital interaktif berbantuan Heyzine Flipbook dinyatakan sangat layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran IPAS materi sifat cahaya di kelas V Sekolah Dasar.
VALIDASI BAHAN AJAR ENSIKLOPEDIA BERMUATAN KEARIFAN LOKAL PEMBELAJARAN IPAS MATERI STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI TUMBUHAN KELAS IV
This study was conducted to design and produce an instructional material development product in the form of a locally based digital encyclopedia on the topic of plant structures and the functions of their parts for Grade IV elementary IPAS learning. The study was motivated by the suboptimal use of digital instructional materials at SD Negeri 165/I Sengkawang, even though technological facilities are available, causing learning to remain largely dependent on textbooks and less contextual. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE framework, implemented only up to the development stage, with a primary focus on expert validation. Data were collected qualitatively through direct interviews with teachers and students to identify learning needs, and quantitatively through validation sheets completed by a subject-matter expert, a language expert, and a media expert using a Likert scale. Quantitative data were analyzed by calculating the percentage of the obtained score relative to the maximum score and classifying it into validity categories. The validation results indicated that the instructional material achieved a very high feasibility level, with language expert feasibility at 94%, content expert feasibility at 94%, and media expert feasibility at 98%, and an average validity of 95% categorized as highly valid. These findings show that the developed digital encyclopedia meets feasibility criteria in terms of content accuracy, language quality, and media design, and has the potential to support a more engaging and well-targeted learning experience that aligns with the cultural environment of elementary school students. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang dan menghasilkan sebuah produk pengembangan bahan ajar berupa ensiklopedia digital bermuatan kearifan lokal pada topik struktur serta fungsi bagian-bagian tumbuhan untuk pembelajaran IPAS kelas IV sekolah dasar. Latar belakang penelitian berangkat dari belum optimalnya pemanfaatan bahan ajar digital di SD Negeri 165/I Sengkawang meskipun sarana teknologi tersedia, sehingga pembelajaran masih cenderung bergantung pada buku teks dan kurang kontekstual. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan kerangka ADDIE pelaksanaannya hanya dilakukan hingga fase pengembangan (development), terutama pada proses validasi ahli. Pendataan dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan melakukan tanya jawab langsung bersama guru dan peserta didik untuk memetakan kebutuhan, serta secara kuantitatif melalui lembar validasi ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan ahli media berbantuan skala Likert. Data kuantitatif dianalisis untuk menghitung persentase perbandingan skor perolehan terhadap skor maksimal dan mengklasifikasikannya ke kategori kevalidan. Temuan dari tahap validasi memperlihatkan bahwa bahan ajar tersebut memperoleh penilaian tingkat kelayakan yang sangat tinggi, dengan kelayakan ahli bahasa 94%, ahli materi 94%, dan ahli media 98%, serta rata-rata kevalidan 95% pada kategori sangat valid. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ensiklopedia digital yang dirancang sudah memenuhi kriteria kelayakan dari aspek ketepatan materi, kebahasaan, dan tampilan media, serta berpotensi mendukung suasana belajar yang lebih menyenangkan sekaligus tepat sasaran dengan lingkungan budaya siswa sekolah dasar.
MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN SEBAGAI MOTOR PENGGERAK PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
ABSTRACT The low achievement of science learning outcomes at the elementary school level indicates that students continue to face difficulties in understanding abstract subject matter. This situation underscores the need for innovation in the use of instructional media so that the teaching and learning process can become more concrete, engaging, and easier for students to understand. This study is intended to examine the extent to which the use of instructional media is effective in improving science learning outcomes. The investigation was conducted by combining a meta-analysis of five classroom action research articles with direct observation of sixth-grade students at SDN Tempurejo 01. Data collection was carried out through a review of scientific journals relevant to instructional media and the improvement of science learning outcomes, as well as through observation of learning activities utilizing concrete media in the form of miniature models of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. The findings indicate that the continuous use of instructional media is able to enhance students’ understanding of science concepts and promote active student engagement, as reflected in both previous research findings and field observations. Based on these overall findings, it can be concluded that the utilization of instructional media plays a strategic role in fostering more active, enjoyable, and meaningful science learning experiences for elementary school students. ABSTRAK Rendahnya capaian hasil belajar IPA di tingkat sekolah dasar mengindikasikan bahwa peserta didik masih menghadapi hambatan dalam memahami materi yang bersifat abstrak. Situasi tersebut menegaskan perlunya pembaruan dalam pemanfaatan media pembelajaran agar kegiatan belajar mengajar dapat berlangsung secara lebih konkret, menarik, serta mudah dipahami oleh siswa. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana efektivitas penggunaan media pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA. Kajian dilakukan dengan memadukan meta-analisis terhadap lima artikel penelitian tindakan kelas dan observasi langsung terhadap siswa kelas VI di SDN Tempurejo 01. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan melalui telaah jurnal ilmiah yang relevan dengan topik media pembelajaran dan peningkatan hasil belajar IPA, serta melalui pengamatan proses pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan media konkret berupa miniatur bumi, bulan, dan matahari. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran secara berkelanjutan mampu meningkatkan pemahaman konsep IPA dan mendorong keterlibatan aktif siswa, baik berdasarkan temuan penelitian sebelumnya maupun hasil observasi di lapangan. Berdasarkan keseluruhan temuan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan media pembelajaran memiliki peran strategis dalam mewujudkan pembelajaran IPA yang lebih aktif, menyenangkan, dan bermakna bagi siswa sekolah dasar.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN MENDALAM BERBASIS CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE TEACHING (CRT) PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
This study aims to elaborate on the stages involved in developing Student Worksheets (LKPD) designed using a deep learning approach based on Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) in Grade V Mathematics at the elementary school level, as well as to analyze the level of validity and practicality of the resulting product. The research was conducted at SD Negeri 64/IV Kota Jambi. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method by applying the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The data collected comprised both qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data were obtained through interviews with the principal, the Grade V teacher, and students, as well as through feedback and recommendations from material, media, and language experts during the validation process. Meanwhile, quantitative data were gathered from validation questionnaires used to measure the validity and practicality of the developed LKPD. The findings indicate that the product was developed in accordance with the ADDIE model procedures. The validity test results show that the material expert evaluation reached 94% (categorized as very valid), the media expert evaluation reached 94% (categorized as very valid), and the language expert evaluation reached 96% (categorized as very valid). The teacher practitioner assessment obtained a score of 87.3%, which falls into the very practical category. Furthermore, the practicality test results based on students’ response questionnaires in the large-group trial showed a percentage of 92%, categorized as very practical. Therefore, the LKPD developed using a deep learning approach integrated with Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) on the topic of perimeter and area of plane figures is considered feasible and highly practical for implementation in Grade V Mathematics learning at the elementary school level. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan tahapan pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) yang dirancang dengan pendekatan pembelajaran mendalam berbasis Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) pada mata pelajaran Matematika kelas V Sekolah Dasar, sekaligus menganalisis tingkat kevalidan dan kepraktisan produk yang dihasilkan. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 64/IV Kota Jambi. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development/R&D) dengan menerapkan model ADDIE yang mencakup lima tahap, yaitu analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri atas data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan kepala sekolah, guru kelas V, serta peserta didik, dan juga melalui masukan serta rekomendasi dari validator ahli materi, ahli media, dan ahli bahasa. Sementara itu, data kuantitatif diperoleh dari hasil angket validasi yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat validitas dan kepraktisan LKPD yang dikembangkan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk telah disusun sesuai dengan prosedur pengembangan model ADDIE. Hasil uji validitas memperlihatkan bahwa penilaian dari ahli materi mencapai 94% dengan kategori sangat valid, ahli media sebesar 94% dengan kategori sangat valid, dan ahli bahasa sebesar 96% dengan kategori sangat valid. Penilaian dari praktisi guru memperoleh persentase 87,3% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat praktis. Selain itu, hasil uji kepraktisan berdasarkan angket respons peserta didik pada uji coba kelompok besar menunjukkan persentase sebesar 92% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Dengan demikian, LKPD berbasis pendekatan pembelajaran mendalam yang terintegrasi dengan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) pada materi keliling dan luas bangun datar dinyatakan layak serta sangat praktis untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran Matematika kelas V Sekolah Dasar.
NILAI KARAKTER SASTRA ANAK: KORELASI ANTARA NOVEL ANAK DAN PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
This study aims to examine the character values embedded in children’s literature, particularly children’s novels, and to analyze their correlation with learning processes in elementary schools. The focus of the study is directed toward the use of children’s novels as learning media that contribute to the formation and strengthening of students’ character. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach by analyzing several popular children’s novels that are widely read or relevant to the world of children. The analysis is conducted by identifying character values reflected through characters, plot, conflicts, and moral messages in the novels, and then relating these values to their application in classroom learning contexts. The results indicate that children’s novels contain various positive character values, including honesty, responsibility, cooperation, empathy, discipline, and independence, which are aligned with the objectives of character education in elementary schools. Furthermore, children’s novels are able to present learning experiences that are more contextual, engaging, and meaningful, thereby facilitating students’ understanding and internalization of character values in a natural way. Therefore, children’s literature, particularly children’s novels, has significant potential to be utilized as learning media and resources in supporting the implementation of character education in elementary schools. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji nilai-nilai karakter yang terkandung dalam sastra anak, khususnya novel anak, serta menganalisis korelasinya dengan pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada pemanfaatan novel anak sebagai media pembelajaran yang berperan dalam pembentukan dan penguatan karakter peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis terhadap sejumlah novel anak yang populer dan banyak digunakan atau relevan dengan dunia anak. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai karakter yang tercermin melalui tokoh, alur, konflik, dan pesan moral dalam novel, kemudian mengaitkannya dengan penerapan nilai tersebut dalam konteks pembelajaran di kelas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa novel anak mengandung berbagai nilai karakter positif, antara lain kejujuran, tanggung jawab, kerja sama, empati, disiplin, dan kemandirian, yang sejalan dengan tujuan pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar. Selain itu, novel anak mampu menghadirkan pembelajaran yang lebih kontekstual, menarik, dan bermakna, sehingga memudahkan peserta didik dalam memahami serta menginternalisasi nilai-nilai karakter secara alami. Dengan demikian, sastra anak, khususnya novel anak, memiliki potensi yang signifikan untuk dijadikan sebagai media dan sumber pembelajaran dalam mendukung pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar.
PENGARUH PERHATIAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR SISWA SETINGKAT MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
ABSTRACT Parental involvement and attention are important factors that support children's academic development, particularly in fostering learning interest among elementary school students. Family support, which includes assisting children during study time, providing motivation, maintaining positive communication, and supervising learning activities, can increase students’ engagement in the learning process. This study aims to examine in depth the role of parental attention in the formation and enhancement of students’ learning interest at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah or elementary school level. The research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by analyzing various scientific publications relevant to the topics of parental attention and students’ learning interest. The analysis was conducted through processes of identification, classification, and interpretation of previous research findings to identify patterns in the relationship between parental attention and students’ learning interest. Students’ interest and motivation to learn can be strengthened through parental involvement, such as accompanying learning activities, providing emotional support, establishing good communication, and creating a supportive learning environment. However, students’ level of learning interest is also influenced by various other factors, including intrinsic motivation, the school learning environment, and the family’s socio-economic background. These findings indicate that parental attention is one of the external factors that plays an important role in supporting the development of students’ learning attitudes at the basic education level. This study contributes to strengthening the understanding of the importance of the family’s role as the initial educational environment in fostering students’ learning interest. ABSTRAK Keterlibatan dan perhatian yang diberikan oleh orang tua menjadi salah satu faktor yang berperan penting dalam mendukung perkembangan akademik anak, khususnya dalam menumbuhkan minat belajar pada siswa di tingkat sekolah dasar. Dukungan keluarga yang meliputi pendampingan belajar, pemberian motivasi, komunikasi yang positif, serta pengawasan terhadap kegiatan belajar dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah secara mendalam peran perhatian orang tua dalam proses pembentukan serta peningkatan minat belajar siswa pada tingkat Madrasah Ibtidaiyah atau sekolah dasar. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur yang menganalisis berbagai publikasi ilmiah yang relevan dengan topik perhatian orang tua dan minat belajar siswa. Analisis dilakukan melalui proses identifikasi, klasifikasi, dan interpretasi terhadap temuan penelitian sebelumnya untuk menemukan pola hubungan antara perhatian orang tua dan minat belajar siswa. Minat dan motivasi belajar siswa dapat diperkuat melalui keterlibatan orang tua, misalnya dengan mendampingi kegiatan belajar, memberikan dukungan emosional, menjalin komunikasi yang baik, serta menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang mendukung. Namun demikian, tingkat minat belajar siswa juga dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor lain, termasuk motivasi intrinsik, lingkungan pendidikan di sekolah, serta latar belakang sosial ekonomi keluarga. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perhatian orang tua merupakan salah satu faktor eksternal yang memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung perkembangan sikap belajar siswa pada jenjang pendidikan dasar. Kajian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam memperkuat pemahaman mengenai pentingnya peran keluarga sebagai lingkungan pendidikan awal dalam menumbuhkan minat belajar siswa.
CHATGPT-SUPPORTED PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN DEVELOPING MOTIVATION, CRITICAL THINKING, AND POETRY APPRECIATION SKILLS
The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence offers new opportunities for enhancing project-based learning in teacher education. This study aims to examine the impact of ChatGPT-assisted Project-Based Learning (PBL) on learning motivation, writing anxiety, critical thinking skills, and poetry appreciation among pre-service elementary teachers. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design was employed involving 171 undergraduate students enrolled in a Children’s Literature Appreciation course. The experimental group participated in ChatGPT-assisted PBL, while the control group engaged in conventional PBL. Data were collected using the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) questionnaire, the Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory (SLWAI), and analytic rubrics for critical thinking and poetry appreciation. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate that students in the ChatGPT-assisted PBL group demonstrated higher learning motivation and critical thinking skills, as well as lower levels of writing anxiety compared to those in the control group. The integration of ChatGPT provided scaffolding support in idea generation, diction selection, and reflective revision, which enhanced students’ confidence and engagement in poetry learning. These findings suggest that AI-assisted PBL can serve as an effective pedagogical strategy to improve both cognitive and affective learning outcomes in teacher education. ABSTRAK Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan generatif membuka peluang baru dalam inovasi pembelajaran berbasis proyek di pendidikan guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Project-Based Learning (PBL) berbantuan ChatGPT terhadap motivasi belajar, kecemasan menulis, keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan kemampuan apresiasi puisi mahasiswa calon guru sekolah dasar. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimental dengan model pretest–posttest control group yang melibatkan 171 mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Apresiasi Sastra Anak. Kelompok eksperimen mengikuti PBL yang terintegrasi dengan ChatGPT, sedangkan kelompok kontrol menggunakan PBL konvensional. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS), Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory (SLWAI), serta rubrik penilaian berpikir kritis dan apresiasi puisi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa pada kelompok PBL berbantuan ChatGPT memiliki motivasi belajar dan keterampilan berpikir kritis yang lebih tinggi serta tingkat kecemasan menulis yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Integrasi ChatGPT memberikan dukungan scaffolding dalam pengembangan ide, pemilihan diksi, dan proses refleksi, sehingga meningkatkan keterlibatan dan kepercayaan diri mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran puisi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi AI dalam PBL dapat menjadi strategi pedagogis yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif dan afektif dalam pendidikan guru.
ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM PENGGUNAAN KATA PENGHUBUNG PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI KELAS IV
This study aims to describe the difficulties experienced by students in using conjunctions and to analyze the factors that cause these difficulties in Indonesian language learning at the elementary school level. This research used a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The subjects of this study were 19 fourth-grade students of SDN 05 Beloyang. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The validity of the data was tested using source triangulation and technique triangulation. The results showed that some students were familiar with several conjunctions such as and, but, and because, but they were not yet able to use them appropriately according to their functions and sentence contexts. The difficulties experienced by students included understanding the functions of conjunctions, choosing the appropriate type of conjunction, and placing conjunctions correctly in sentences. In addition, students had difficulty distinguishing between coordinating and subordinating conjunctions. These difficulties were influenced by several factors, including limited reading and writing skills, lack of practice in constructing sentences, limited learning media or teaching materials, and a less supportive learning environment. Therefore, teachers need to implement varied teaching methods, provide regular writing exercises, and utilize engaging learning media to improve students’ understanding of conjunction usage. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan yang dialami siswa dalam penggunaan kata penghubung serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kesulitan tersebut pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV A SDN 05 Beloyang yang berjumlah 19 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data diuji melalui triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian siswa telah mengenal beberapa kata penghubung seperti dan, tetapi, dan karena, namun belum mampu menggunakan kata penghubung secara tepat sesuai fungsi dan konteks kalimat. Kesulitan yang dialami siswa meliputi pemahaman fungsi kata penghubung, ketepatan dalam memilih jenis konjungsi, serta penempatan kata penghubung dalam kalimat. Selain itu, siswa juga mengalami kesulitan dalam membedakan konjungsi koordinatif dan subordinatif. Faktor penyebab kesulitan tersebut antara lain kemampuan membaca dan menulis siswa yang masih perlu ditingkatkan, kurangnya latihan dalam menyusun kalimat, keterbatasan media atau bahan ajar, serta lingkungan belajar yang kurang mendukung. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya guru melalui penggunaan metode pembelajaran yang bervariasi, pemberian latihan menulis secara rutin, serta pemanfaatan media pembelajaran yang menarik agar pemahaman siswa terhadap penggunaan kata penghubung dapat meningkat.
EFEKTIVITAS KIT EKSPERIMEN BERBASIS STEAM TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN MATERI PENYARINGAN AIR DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
ABSTRACT Student participation in experimental activities during science learning in elementary schools is still relatively limited because the instructional process is often dominated by conventional teaching methods. As a result, students’ conceptual understanding particularly on the topic of water filtration, which requires observation and hands-on practice has not developed optimally. This issue can be addressed by implementing an experimental kit integrated with the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) approach within the learning process. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of using a STEAM-based experimental kit on fifth-grade students’ understanding of the water filtration concept at MI Al-Hidayah Jember. This research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a pretest–posttest control group design. The study involved two groups of participants: an experimental group that used the STEAM-based experimental kit and a control group that received conventional instruction. The results of the conceptual understanding tests administered during the pretest and posttest phases were analyzed using a t-test. The findings indicate that the experimental group achieved an average posttest score of 81.09, while the control group obtained an average score of 75.27. Statistical testing at a significance level of 0.05 shows that the implementation of the STEAM-based experimental kit has a significant effect on improving students’ conceptual understanding. Therefore, the use of a STEAM-based experimental kit can serve as an effective instructional alternative for enhancing science concept comprehension on the topic of water filtration in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. ABSTRAK Keterlibatan siswa dalam eksperimen pada pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar masih terbatas karena proses pembelajaran masih didominasi metode konvensional. Kondisi ini menyebabkan pemahaman konsep siswa, khususnya pada materi penyaringan air yang membutuhkan aktivitas pengamatan dan praktik nyata, belum berkembang secara optimal. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi melalui penerapan kit eksperimen yang dikombinasikan dengan pendekatan STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) dalam proses pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan kit eksperimen berbasis STEAM terhadap pemahaman konsep penyaringan air siswa kelas V MI Al-Hidayah Jember. Pendekatan kuantitatif diterapkan dalam penelitian ini dengan metode eksperimen semu menggunakan desain pretest–posttest control group. Penelitian ini melibatkan dua kelompok subjek, yakni kelompok eksperimen yang menerapkan kit eksperimen berbasis STEAM serta kelompok kontrol yang belajar melalui pembelajaran konvensional. Hasil tes pemahaman konsep yang diperoleh pada tahap pretest dan posttest dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata posttest pada kelompok eksperimen mencapai 81,09, sementara pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 75,27. Hasil pengujian statistik dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05 mengindikasikan bahwa penerapan kit eksperimen berbasis STEAM berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan pemahaman konsep siswa. Dengan demikian, kit eksperimen berbasis STEAM dapat menjadi alternatif pembelajaran yang efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep IPA pada materi penyaringan air di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.
EKSPLORASI PEMBELAJARAN KOSAKATA BAHASA INGGRIS LINGKUNGAN SEKITAR MELALUI PAPAN INTERAKTIF DIGITAL SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR: STUDI DESKRIPTIF
ABSTRACT The role of English in elementary education is becoming increasingly significant following the national policy that designates English as a compulsory subject starting from the 2027/2028 academic year. This condition requires vocabulary learning strategies that align with the characteristics of lower-grade students who are still at the concrete operational stage and need visual and interactive learning media. This study aims to explore the use of digital interactive boards in teaching English vocabulary related to the surrounding environment for lower-grade elementary school students. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach conducted at SD IT Imam Syafi’i Banjarmasin, with one lower-grade English teacher serving as the research subject. Data were collected through classroom observations and semi-structured interviews with the teacher and were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that the digital interactive board was utilized in several learning activities, such as matching vocabulary with pictures, classifying environmental objects, using song videos, and identifying objects on an interactive screen. The use of this media supported more contextual vocabulary learning by integrating visual, auditory, and physical student activities, while also increasing student participation during the learning process. However, several challenges were identified, including technical issues with the devices and classroom management during the use of digital media. Overall, the findings suggest that digital interactive boards have the potential to function as interactive and contextual vocabulary learning media and can support the implementation of English learning in elementary schools. ABSTRAK Peningkatan peran Bahasa Inggris dalam sistem pendidikan dasar semakin menguat seiring kebijakan nasional yang menetapkan Bahasa Inggris sebagai mata pelajaran wajib mulai tahun ajaran 2027/2028. Kondisi tersebut menuntut strategi pembelajaran kosakata yang sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa kelas rendah yang masih berada pada tahap berpikir konkret dan membutuhkan media belajar yang visual serta interaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pemanfaatan papan interaktif digital dalam pembelajaran kosakata Bahasa Inggris bertema lingkungan sekitar pada siswa sekolah dasar kelas rendah. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di SD IT Imam Syafi’i Banjarmasin dengan subjek penelitian seorang guru Bahasa Inggris kelas rendah. Data diperoleh melalui observasi proses pembelajaran dan wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan guru, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa papan interaktif digital dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai aktivitas pembelajaran seperti pencocokan kosakata dengan gambar, pengelompokan objek lingkungan, penggunaan video lagu, serta penunjukan objek pada layar interaktif. Pemanfaatan media tersebut mendorong terciptanya pembelajaran kosakata yang lebih kontekstual, melibatkan unsur visual, audio, dan aktivitas fisik siswa, serta meningkatkan partisipasi siswa selama proses belajar. Meskipun demikian, penggunaan media digital juga menghadapi kendala berupa masalah teknis perangkat dan pengelolaan kelas. Secara umum, temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa papan interaktif digital berpotensi menjadi media pembelajaran kosakata yang interaktif dan kontekstual serta dapat mendukung implementasi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di sekolah dasar.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBANTUAN AUGMENTED REALITY MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI ASSEMBLR EDU PADA TOPIK BAGIAN TUBUH TUMBUHAN
This study focuses on the development of a student worksheet (LKPD) integrated with Augmented Reality using the Assemblr Edu application on the topic of plant body parts. The study applied a Research and Development approach based on the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The participants were 37 fourth-grade students from SDN 1 Nyangkowek, Sukabumi Regency. The findings reveal that the developed worksheet meets a high level of feasibility. This is indicated by validation results from media experts (100 percent), language experts (94 percent), and material experts (88 percent). In addition, student responses toward the implementation of the Augmented Reality-based worksheet reached 93 percent, which falls into a very positive category. These results indicate that integrating digital technology into learning materials can enhance student engagement and support a more interactive learning process. Moreover, the use of Augmented Reality assists students in understanding abstract concepts through visual and contextual representation. Therefore, the developed LKPD can be considered an effective and innovative learning medium for elementary education. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis Augmented Reality melalui aplikasi Assemblr Edu pada materi bagian tubuh tumbuhan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development dengan model ADDIE yang terdiri atas lima tahapan, yaitu analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Subjek penelitian melibatkan 37 peserta didik kelas IV SDN 1 Nyangkowek, Kabupaten Sukabumi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKPD yang dikembangkan memiliki tingkat kelayakan yang sangat tinggi. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil validasi ahli media sebesar 100 persen, ahli bahasa sebesar 94 persen, dan ahli materi sebesar 88 persen. Selain itu, respon peserta didik terhadap penggunaan LKPD berbasis Augmented Reality mencapai 93 persen dengan kategori sangat baik. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi teknologi dalam LKPD mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan peserta didik serta membantu memahami konsep yang bersifat abstrak melalui visualisasi yang lebih konkret. Dengan demikian, LKPD berbasis Augmented Reality menggunakan aplikasi Assemblr Edu layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran yang inovatif dan efektif di sekolah dasar.
PENGARUH VIDEO EDUKATIF “AKU SIAP, AKU SELAMAT” TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN MITIGASI BENCANA BAGI SISWA TUNAGRAHITA DI SLB
This research is motivated by the low understanding of students with intellectual disabilities at Batu State Special Needs School regarding the risks and mitigation of natural disasters, even though they are located in a geographical area prone to flash floods. This lack of knowledge creates a serious safety threat due to unpreparedness for emergency situations. The focus of this study is to evaluate the effect of the educational video entitled "I'm Ready, I'm Safe" on improving students' disaster mitigation literacy. The study applied a quantitative method with a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. The research steps included administering an initial test (pretest), providing treatment through showing the educational video six times, and a final test (posttest). Data were analyzed using a statistical sign test. The results showed a significant increase in students' understanding, where the average pretest score of 12.5 increased drastically to 92.5 in the posttest. The statistical analysis produced a calculated Z value of 2, which exceeds the critical Z table value of 1.96 at a 5% significance level. The main conclusion is that the educational video "I'm Ready, I'm Safe" has a significant effect on improving students' understanding of disaster mitigation. This media has proven to be effective as a concrete and representative learning tool in helping students with intellectual disabilities understand safety procedures through attractive, easy-to-understand visualizations to strengthen their preparedness at school in a real and appropriate manner for the safety of students in the future.
PENGARUH MEDIA FLIP-FOLD LAUNDRY TERHADAP PENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BINA DIRI SISWA AUTIS KELAS 2 SDLB
Training self-care skills in children with autism is essential to help them achieve greater independence and reduce their reliance on others in daily activities. At Mutiara Hati School in Sidoarjo, several children with autism still experience difficulties in folding clothes as part of their personal care skills. Through the implementation of flip-fold media, the researcher aimed to support and enhance their ability to develop this skill more effectively. This study was designed to examine the extent to which the flip-fold media influences the improvement of clothing-folding skills among children with autism at Mutiara Hati Sidoarjo. The research employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental design, specifically the one-group pretest-posttest model. Data collection techniques included performance tests, direct observation, and supporting documentation. Data analysis was conducted using the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results of the analysis indicated that the calculated Zvalue (Zcount = 2,74) was higher than the critical Zvalue (Ztable = 1,83) at a 10% significance level with a two-tailed test. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of flip-fold media has a statistically significant effect on improving clothing-folding skills in children with autism at Mutiara Hati Sidoarjo.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN ASTA BRATA DAN MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP BUDAYA DI SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN NUSA PENIDA KABUPATEN KLUNGKUNG
This study aims to analyze the relationship between Asta Brata leadership and social media on school culture in elementary schools in Nusa Penida District, Klungkung Regency. This study uses a quantitative approach with an ex post facto research type. The study population was all 75 teachers in Nusa Penida District. The sampling technique used saturated sampling so that the entire population was used as a research sample. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire with a Likert scale. Data analysis was carried out through descriptive statistical tests and hypothesis testing using Spearman Rank correlation. The results showed that Asta Brata leadership has a very strong and significant positive relationship with school culture with a correlation coefficient value of 0.826 and a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. Meanwhile, social media has a significant positive relationship but with a low level of relationship with school culture with a correlation coefficient value of 0.267 and a significance value of 0.020 <0.05. The findings of this study indicate that the application of local wisdom-based leadership values, especially Asta Brata, has an important role in building a positive school culture in elementary schools.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA ANIMASI POSTER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL ANGGOTA TUBUH PADA SISWA AUTIS KELAS II SLB
This research was motivated by the low ability of second-grade autistic students at SLB Negeri 2 Pasuruan City to recognize and correctly name body parts. The main focus of the research was to evaluate the effect of using Canva-based animated posters on improving these competencies. Using a quantitative approach with the Single Subject Research (SSR) method through an A-B-A design, the research stages included initial observation, intervention, and ability evaluation. Data were collected through a performance test instrument that was measured repeatedly. The results showed a significant improvement in the subjects' abilities; in the initial baseline phase (A1), the average score was only 27.5%, then jumped to 64.2% during the intervention phase (B), and remained stable and high in the second baseline phase (A2) with an average of 76.6%. These findings demonstrate that dynamic visual media can attract attention and facilitate cognitive information processing in children on the autism spectrum. The main conclusion states that integrating animated posters into learning is very effective in helping students recognize body parts in a concrete and enjoyable way. This innovation makes a significant contribution to the development of adaptive instructional media in special schools, while also demonstrating that a structured visual approach can bridge communication and understanding barriers for students with special needs, optimally supporting their independent self-identification in an inclusive, integrated, and comprehensive formal education environment.
ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATERI IPAS SEIRING BERJALANNYA WAKTU
This study aims to analyze the evolution of instructional media in the IPAS subject in line with technological advancements, along with its impact on students’ conceptual understanding. A qualitative approach was employed using a literature review of scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025, sourced from Google Scholar and Garuda. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques to identify types of instructional media and their influence on the IPAS learning process. The findings reveal a transformation of instructional media from conventional forms to digital and advanced technology-based formats, such as interactive applications, video animations, and augmented reality. These developments have a positive impact on improving students’ conceptual understanding, motivation, and engagement, particularly with abstract IPAS content. Technology-based media have proven to be more effective because they provide concrete and interactive visualizations. However, their implementation is still hindered by limitations in infrastructure and teacher skills. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen teachers’ competencies in developing and utilizing innovative learning media to make IPAS learning more effective and meaningful.
NILAI KARAKTER DALAM CERITA RAKYAT ASAL MULA RAWA UMBUNG DAN RELEVANSINYA UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
ABSTRACT This study is based on the importance of strengthening character education through contextual learning based on local culture. This study aims to examine the character values ​​contained in the folktale "Asal Mula Rawa Umbung" and explain their relevance to Indonesian language learning in elementary schools. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method, using the text of the folktale "Asal Mula Rawa Umbung" as its data source, contained in a collection of Melawi folktales. Data were collected through reading, note-taking, literature review, interviews, observation, and documentation. Data validity was tested through technical triangulation and increased researcher diligence. The results indicate that the folktale "Asal Mula Rawa Umbung" contains several character values, including hard work, creativity, friendship or communication, social awareness, and responsibility. These values ​​are reflected in the actions of the characters and the series of events that form the storyline. Furthermore, this folktale is relevant for use in Indonesian language learning in elementary schools because it can be used as teaching material that not only improves students' language skills but also instills character values ​​and introduces them to local culture. Thus, the use of folk tales in the learning process can support the strengthening of character education while preserving local wisdom. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini didasarkan pada pentingnya penguatan pendidikan karakter melalui pembelajaran kontekstual berbasis budaya lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji nilai-nilai karakter yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat Asal Mula Rawa Umbung serta menjelaskan keterkaitannya dengan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan sumber data berupa teks cerita rakyat Asal Mula Rawa Umbung yang terdapat dalam buku kumpulan cerita rakyat Melawi. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik membaca, mencatat, studi pustaka, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diuji melalui triangulasi teknik serta peningkatan ketekunan peneliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cerita rakyat Asal Mula Rawa Umbung memuat beberapa nilai karakter, antara lain kerja keras, kreatif, bersahabat atau komunikatif, peduli sosial, dan tanggung jawab. Nilai-nilai tersebut tercermin dari tindakan para tokoh serta rangkaian peristiwa yang membentuk alur cerita. Selain itu, cerita rakyat ini relevan digunakan dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar karena dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan ajar yang tidak hanya meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa siswa, tetapi juga menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter serta memperkenalkan budaya lokal kepada peserta didik. Dengan demikian, pemanfaatan cerita rakyat dalam proses pembelajaran dapat mendukung penguatan pendidikan karakter sekaligus menjaga kelestarian kearifan lokal.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI GURU TERHADAP KESESUAIAN CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN PAI DALAM KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI SD
This study explores how Islamic Religious Education teachers interpret the relevance of the Learning Outcomes in the Independent Curriculum to the real-life situations of elementary school students. The main focus includes teachers' level of understanding, the suitability of the material to student characteristics, and various challenges and solutions in its implementation. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was collected from teachers using in-depth interviews and documentation studies, which were then validated through source triangulation. The findings indicate that teachers view the Learning Outcomes as phase-based competency guidelines that offer flexibility in developing aspects of knowledge, attitudes, and skills in an integrated manner. Although the Learning Outcomes are considered capable of encouraging student engagement, in practice, obstacles still exist in the form of limited facilities and infrastructure, limited internet access, and gaps in teacher competency and differences in student comprehension. To address these issues, educators need to optimize the use of simple learning media, revise teaching methods, and strengthen personal guidance and collaboration between teachers. Ultimately, this study concludes that the successful implementation of the Islamic Religious Education Learning Outcomes does not rely solely on the curriculum but is highly dependent on improving the quality of teacher professionalism accompanied by the provision of adequate facilities and infrastructure. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi tentang bagaimana guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) memaknai relevansi Capaian Pembelajaran (CP) dalam Kurikulum Merdeka terhadap kondisi nyata siswa sekolah dasar. Fokus utamanya mencakup tingkat pemahaman guru, kesesuaian materi dengan karakteristik anak didik, serta berbagai tantangan dan solusi dalam implementasinya. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, data dihimpun dari guru dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi, yang kemudian divalidasi melalui triangulasi sumber. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa guru memandang CP sebagai pedoman kompetensi berbasis fase yang menawarkan fleksibilitas dalam mengembangkan aspek pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan secara terintegrasi. Meskipun CP dianggap mampu mendorong keaktifan siswa, faktanya di lapangan masih ditemukan hambatan berupa keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana, kendala akses internet, serta adanya kesenjangan kompetensi guru maupun perbedaan daya tangkap siswa. Untuk menyelesaikan persoalan tersebut, para pendidik perlu mengoptimalkan penggunaan media pembelajaran sederhana, merevisi metode mengajar, serta memperkuat bimbingan personal dan kolaborasi antar guru. Pada akhirnya, studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan penerapan CP PAI tidak hanya bertumpu pada kurikulum semata, melainkan sangat bergantung pada peningkatan kualitas profesionalisme guru disertai dengan penyediaan sarana prasarana yang memadai.
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN TUJUAN DAN CAPAIAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN PAI DI SD
Alignment between instructional targets and learning outcomes is a key indicator of educational quality. However, the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Islamic Religious Education often faces synchronization challenges. This study aims to analyze the alignment of learning objectives with student learning outcomes at Muhammadiyah Sekayu Elementary School. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through in-depth interviews with educators and documenting lesson plans, grade records, and evaluation tools. Subjects were selected through purposive sampling to obtain in-depth information about the dynamics of instruction in the field. The results indicate that the formulation of learning objectives has been adapted based on the characteristics, interests, and potential of students, adhering to the principles of student-centered Deep Learning. Educators integrate a variety of methods and formative and summative assessments to ensure the achievement of curriculum targets. Teacher professionalism and the use of a social constructivist model are key supporting factors for the success of the educational process. However, obstacles were identified, including diverse individual capacities, fluctuating motivation, limited literacy, and minimal parental involvement in learning support. The main conclusion confirms that there is no significant gap between the set targets and the competencies achieved by students. The effectiveness of Islamic Religious Education learning in schools is highly dependent on consistent harmonization between goal planning, teaching tactics, and a comprehensive evaluation system. ABSTRAK Kesesuaian antara target instruksional dan hasil belajar merupakan indikator utama kualitas pendidikan, namun implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam sering menghadapi tantangan sinkronisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keselarasan tujuan pembelajaran dengan capaian hasil belajar siswa di SD Muhammadiyah Sekayu. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam kepada tenaga pendidik serta studi dokumentasi terhadap rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran, catatan nilai, dan perangkat evaluasi. Subjek penelitian ditentukan melalui teknik purposive sampling untuk mendapatkan informasi mendalam mengenai dinamika instruksional di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perumusan tujuan pembelajaran telah diadaptasi berdasarkan karakteristik, minat, dan potensi peserta didik dengan mengacu pada prinsip Deep Learning yang berorientasi pada murid. Tenaga pendidik mengintegrasikan variasi metode serta penilaian formatif dan sumatif untuk menjamin ketercapaian target kurikulum. Profesionalisme guru dan penggunaan model konstruktivisme sosial menjadi faktor pendukung utama kesuksesan proses edukasi. Namun, ditemukan hambatan berupa keberagaman kapasitas individu, fluktuasi motivasi, keterbatasan literasi, serta minimnya peran serta orang tua dalam pendampingan belajar. Simpulan utama menegaskan bahwa tidak terdapat kesenjangan signifikan antara target yang ditetapkan dengan kompetensi yang diraih siswa. Efektivitas pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di sekolah tersebut sangat bergantung pada harmonisasi konsisten antara perencanaan tujuan, taktik mengajar, dan sistem evaluasi komprehensif tuntas.
A NEEDS ANALYSIS OF BIG BOOK INTEGRATING GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING AS READING MEDIA FOR SHARED READING ACTIVITIES IN FACILITATING PRESCHOOL STUDENTS’ READING ENGAGEMENT
Early literacy development plays a crucial role in shaping children’s academic readiness and long-term learning success. However, limited availability of visually accessible and contextually meaningful reading materials may reduce preschool students’ reading engagement during shared reading activities. This study aimed to analyze the needs of teachers and preschool students regarding the use of Big Books integrating SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being) to support reading engagement. A qualitative descriptive design was employed at one of the Kindergarten in Singaraja, involving classroom observation and a semi-structured interview with the teacher. The findings revealed three primary needs: large-format and visually clear books, narrative-based integration of health themes, and interactive features to sustain students’ engagement. The study concludes that developing SDG 3–integrated Big Books is pedagogically necessary to enhance shared reading practices and foster preschool students’ reading engagement. ABSTRAK Perkembangan literasi awal memegang peranan yang sangat penting dalam membentuk kesiapan akademik anak serta keberhasilan belajar jangka panjang. Namun, keterbatasan ketersediaan bahan bacaan yang mudah diakses secara visual dan bermakna secara kontekstual dapat mengurangi keterlibatan membaca siswa prasekolah selama kegiatan membaca bersama (shared reading). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan guru dan siswa prasekolah terkait penggunaan Big Book yang mengintegrasikan SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being) untuk mendukung keterlibatan membaca. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di salah satu taman kanak-kanak di Singaraja, dengan melibatkan observasi kelas dan wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan guru. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan tiga kebutuhan utama, yaitu buku berukuran besar dengan tampilan visual yang jelas, integrasi tema kesehatan berbasis naratif, serta fitur interaktif untuk mempertahankan keterlibatan siswa. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengembangan Big Book yang terintegrasi dengan SDG 3 secara pedagogis diperlukan untuk meningkatkan praktik shared reading dan menumbuhkan keterlibatan membaca siswa prasekolah.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH STUDI LITERATUR
ABSTRACT Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah plays a crucial role in shaping students’ character from the early stages of formal education; however, current instructional practices remain predominantly focused on cognitive aspects, resulting in suboptimal value internalization. This study aims to identify and synthesize educational values in the Qur’an and examine their relevance to PAI learning within the framework of the Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Rahmatan Lil Alamin (P5RA). The research employs a qualitative approach through a literature study by analyzing primary sources in the form of Qur’anic verses and 24 systematically selected scholarly references, which are then examined using content analysis through coding, categorization, and thematic synthesis. The findings reveal that educational values in the Qur’an are structured into five main categories: faith (aqidah), worship (ibadah), social values, intellectual development, and exemplary conduct, each of which demonstrates a direct connection to the objectives, content, and instructional strategies of PAI in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. In addition, narrative approaches such as stories and parables show strong potential in facilitating value internalization among primary school students who are in the concrete operational stage of development. The novelty of this study lies in the development of an integrative framework that systematically connects Qur’anic values with student characteristics, instructional strategies, and educational policy. This study concludes that the effectiveness of character education based on Qur’anic values is strongly influenced by curriculum integration, consistent habituation, and the role of teachers as role models in everyday learning practices. ABSTRAK Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah memegang peran penting dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik sejak tahap awal pendidikan formal, namun praktik pembelajaran yang berlangsung masih didominasi oleh pendekatan kognitif sehingga proses internalisasi nilai belum berkembang secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis nilai-nilai pendidikan dalam Al-Qur’an serta menelaah keterkaitannya dengan pembelajaran PAI dalam kerangka Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Rahmatan Lil Alamin (P5RA). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi literatur dengan menelaah sumber primer berupa ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an dan 24 rujukan ilmiah yang diseleksi secara sistematis, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik content analysis melalui tahap pengkodean, kategorisasi, dan sintesis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai pendidikan dalam Al-Qur’an terstruktur dalam lima kategori utama, yaitu akidah, ibadah, sosial, intelektual, dan keteladanan, yang masing-masing memiliki bentuk keterhubungan langsung dengan tujuan, materi, dan strategi pembelajaran PAI di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Selain itu, pendekatan naratif seperti kisah dan perumpamaan terbukti memiliki potensi kuat dalam mendukung proses internalisasi nilai pada peserta didik usia sekolah dasar yang berada pada tahap perkembangan operasional konkret. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penyusunan kerangka integratif yang menghubungkan nilai-nilai Qur’ani dengan karakteristik peserta didik, strategi pembelajaran, serta kebijakan pendidikan secara sistematis. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas penguatan karakter berbasis nilai Qur’ani sangat ditentukan oleh integrasi kurikulum, konsistensi pembiasaan, serta keteladanan guru dalam praktik pembelajaran sehari-hari.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS, BERPIKIR KRITIS, DAN HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA MELALUI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING, STAD, DAN PICTURE DI SD
This study addresses the issue of low teacher and student participation, limited critical thinking skills, and unsatisfactory learning outcomes in Pancasila Education, which are assumed to be influenced by the lack of variation in instructional models. The purpose of this study is to enhance learning activities, critical thinking skills, and student achievement through the implementation of a combination of Problem Based Learning (PBL), Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD), and Picture and Picture. This research applied a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design conducted over four meetings. The participants consisted of 11 second-grade students of SDN 2 Baharu Selatan Kotabaru in the 2024–2025 academic year. Data were collected through observation, tests, and documentation, and analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques. The findings reveal improvements in all observed aspects. Teacher activity increased from 61% to 100%, while student participation rose from 36% to 100%. Students’ critical thinking skills improved from 36% to 91%, and classical learning mastery increased from 27% to 91%. In conclusion, the combined implementation of PBL, STAD, and Picture and Picture proved to be effective in improving learning engagement, critical thinking skills, and student achievement. This approach can be recommended as an alternative strategy to enhance the quality of learning in elementary schools. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berangkat dari permasalahan rendahnya partisipasi guru dan siswa, keterampilan berpikir kritis, serta hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila yang diduga berkaitan dengan kurangnya variasi model pembelajaran yang digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas pembelajaran, kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan kombinasi model Problem Based Learning (PBL), Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD), dan Picture and Picture. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam empat kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 11 siswa kelas II SDN 2 Baharu Selatan Kotabaru tahun ajaran 2024–2025. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, tes, dan dokumentasi, yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pada seluruh aspek yang diamati. Aktivitas guru mengalami peningkatan dari 61% menjadi 100%, sedangkan aktivitas siswa meningkat dari 36% menjadi 100%. Kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa berkembang dari 36% menjadi 91%, dan ketuntasan hasil belajar secara klasikal meningkat dari 27% menjadi 91%. Dengan demikian, penerapan kombinasi model PBL, STAD, dan Picture and Picture terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan aktivitas pembelajaran, keterampilan berpikir kritis, serta hasil belajar siswa. Model ini dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif strategi dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran di sekolah dasar.