PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN AI DALAM MAPEL INFORMATIKA TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA DI KELAS VIII MTS NEGERI 6 TULUNGAGUNG

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education provides opportunities to support learning; however, its utilization does not always result in improved critical thinking skills. This study aimed to analyze the effect of AI utilization on the critical thinking skills of eighth-grade students at MTs Negeri 6 Tulungagung in Informatics learning. The study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sample consisted of 70 students, with class VIII H serving as the experimental group and class VIII G as the control group. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, interviews, and pretest and posttest assessments, and were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 through validity, reliability, normality, homogeneity, and Independent Sample t-Test analyses. The results showed that the average posttest score of the experimental group was 90, while that of the control group was 80. Although there was a 10-point difference in the mean scores, the Independent Sample t-Test yielded a significance value of 0.973 (p > 0.05), indicating that the difference in critical thinking skills between the two groups was not statistically significant. These findings indicate that AI utilization has not been proven to have a significant effect on students’ critical thinking skills. Therefore, AI should be used to support analytical, evaluative, reasoning, and decision-making activities through learning strategies oriented toward higher order thinking skills.

ABSTRAK

Perkembangan Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam pendidikan membuka peluang untuk mendukung pembelajaran, tetapi pemanfaatannya belum selalu menghasilkan keterampilan berpikir kritis yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemanfaatan AI terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 6 Tulungagung pada mata pelajaran Informatika. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode quasi experiment dan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sampel berjumlah 70 siswa, terdiri atas kelas VIII H sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan VIII G sebagai kelompok kontrol. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket, observasi, wawancara, serta tes pretest dan posttest, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistics 25 melalui uji validitas, reliabilitas, normalitas, homogenitas, dan Independent Sample t-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata posttest kelompok eksperimen sebesar 90, sedangkan kelompok kontrol sebesar 80. Meskipun terdapat selisih rata-rata 10 poin, hasil Independent Sample t-Test memperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,973 (p > 0,05), sehingga perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kritis kedua kelompok tidak signifikan secara statistik. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan AI belum terbukti memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Dengan demikian, AI perlu digunakan sebagai pendukung aktivitas analisis, evaluasi, penalaran, dan pengambilan keputusan melalui strategi pembelajaran yang berorientasi pada higher order thinking skills.