PERAN MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA (MSDM) “SISTEM REKRUTMEN, SELEKSI, KOMPETENSI DAN PELATIHAN” TERHADAP KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF

Authors

  • Chairul Anwar Universitas Labuhanbatu
  • Sri Bunga Universitas Labuhanbatu
  • Joni Repal Universitas Labuhanbatu
  • Amin Harahap Universitas Labuhanbatu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v5i2.6111

Keywords:

Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia, Rekrutmen, Keunggulan Kompetitif

Abstract

In the era of globalization and increasingly fierce business competition, organizations are required to manage their human resources strategically to achieve competitive advantage. This study aims to analyze the role of recruitment, selection, competency development, and training systems within Human Resource Management (HRM) in enhancing organizational competitiveness. The research method used is a literature review with a descriptive and exploratory approach, analyzing ten relevant scientific articles from both national and international journals. The findings indicate that an effective, objective, and competency-based recruitment and selection system helps organizations acquire suitable candidates aligned with their values and needs. Furthermore, structured and continuous training and competency development significantly improve employee productivity, loyalty, and adaptability. These findings are supported by various national and international studies consistently showing a positive correlation between effective HRM practices and increased organizational competitiveness. An integrated HRM strategy not only enhances individual performance but also creates organizational value that is difficult for competitors to replicate. Therefore, recruitment, selection, training, and competency development systems should not merely be seen as administrative functions, but as strategic investments that play a vital role in achieving long-term competitive advantage. This study provides theoretical and practical contributions for organizations in designing adaptive and result-oriented HRM policies and practices.

ABSTRAK

Dalam era globalisasi dan persaingan bisnis yang semakin kompetitif, organisasi dituntut untuk mengelola sumber daya manusianya secara strategis guna mencapai keunggulan kompetitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran sistem rekrutmen, seleksi, pengembangan kompetensi, dan pelatihan dalam manajemen sumber daya manusia (MSDM) terhadap pencapaian keunggulan kompetitif organisasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan eksploratif terhadap sepuluh artikel ilmiah dari jurnal nasional dan internasional yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sistem rekrutmen dan seleksi yang efektif, objektif, dan berbasis kompetensi mampu menjaring kandidat yang tepat sesuai kebutuhan organisasi. Selanjutnya, pelatihan yang berkelanjutan serta pengembangan kompetensi yang terstruktur terbukti meningkatkan produktivitas, loyalitas, dan adaptabilitas karyawan. Temuan ini diperkuat oleh berbagai penelitian, baik nasional maupun internasional, yang secara konsisten menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif antara praktik MSDM yang efektif dan peningkatan daya saing perusahaan. Strategi MSDM yang terintegrasi tidak hanya meningkatkan kinerja individu, tetapi juga menciptakan nilai tambah organisasi yang sulit ditiru pesaing. Oleh karena itu, sistem rekrutmen, seleksi, pelatihan, dan pengembangan kompetensi bukan sekadar fungsi administratif, melainkan merupakan investasi strategis yang berperan penting dalam pencapaian keunggulan kompetitif jangka panjang. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoritis dan praktis bagi organisasi dalam merancang kebijakan dan implementasi MSDM yang adaptif dan berorientasi hasil.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aji, B. A., Ikhlas, D. I., & Wati, I. R. (2024). Human Resource Competency Development in Facing the Challenges and Opportunities of the Industry 4.0 Era. Research Horizon, 4(6), 301-308.

Bakar, A., Hasan, S. Z., Mustari, V. H., Hanafiah, H., & Mere, K. (2023). Pengembangan Sistem Rekrutmen dan Seleksi yang Efektif untuk Mencapai Keunggulan Kompetitif. Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(4), 8484-8489.

Barney, J.B., & Hesterly, W.S. (2019). Strategic Management and Competitive Advantage: Concepts and Cases. Pearson.

Battour, M., Barahma, M., & Al-Awlaqi, M. (2021). The relationship between HRM strategies and sustainable competitive advantage: testing the mediating role of strategic agility. Sustainability, 13(9), 5315.

Darwis, D., Arsyad, M., & Asriyanto, A. (2023). Pengaruh Pelatihan Terhadap Kompetensi Dan Kinerja Karyawan Pt. World Innovative Telecommunication. YUME: Journal of Management, 6(3).

Dessler, G. (2020). Human Resource Management (16th ed.). Pearson Education.

Ginandjar, M.G. (2023). Effect Of Competency-Based Recruitment And Training On Employee Performance In Indonesian Manufacturing Companies. Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI), 5(2), 797–806. https://doi.org/10.54443/morfai.v5i2.2773

Mathis, R. L., & Jackson, J. H. (2019). Human Resource Management (13th ed.). South-Western Cengage Learning.

Mulder, M. (2021). Competence Theory and Research: A Synthesis. Wageningen Academic Publishers.

Muttaqin, M.F., & Rindaningsih, I. (2024). Strategi Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia untuk Meningkatkan Keunggulan Kompetitif. Maeswara : Jurnal Riset Ilmu Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, 2(6), 122–130. https://doi.org/10.61132/maeswara.v2i6.1470

Nabila, F. D., Pebriyanti, S., &?Susamai, A. A. (2023). Peran Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia “Sistem Rekrutmen, Seleksi, Kompetensi dan Pelatihan” Terhadap Keunggulan Kompetitif Organisasi. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Manajemen, 3(1), 342–348.

Nuryani, Y., Zayroni, A., & Santoso, A. (2023). Human Resource Management Functions of Recruitment and Selection System to Competitive Advantage. ICEMBUS Proceeding, Vol. 1. https://conference.trunojoyo.ac.id/pub/icembus/article/view/294

Reniati, R., Yunfin, M., & Febriani, R. (2023). Human Resources Competency Development Model in Higher Education (Comparative Approach Based on Literature Study in 27 Countries). Proceeding of The Postgraduate School Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, 1, 487-508.

Sobari, M., & Rony, Z. T. (2025). Sistem Rekrutmen, Seleksi, Kompetensi dan Pelatihan Dalam Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia untuk Mencapai Keunggulan Kompetitif (Systemic Literature Review). Jurnal Manajemen dan Pemasaran Digital, 3(1), 10-20.

Xiao, F., & Shaik, J.M. (2024). The Role of Human Resources in Gaining Competitive Advantage. Informative Journal of Management Sciences, 3(3).

Downloads

Published

2025-07-11

How to Cite

Anwar, C., Bunga, S., Repal, J., & Harahap, A. (2025). PERAN MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA (MSDM) “SISTEM REKRUTMEN, SELEKSI, KOMPETENSI DAN PELATIHAN” TERHADAP KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF. CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan , 5(2), 807-813. https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v5i2.6111

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)