KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET DARI LIMBAH KULIT BIJI JAMBU METE (Anacardium occidentale) DENGAN PEREKAT CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID (CNSL)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11188Keywords:
Briket, Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL), Kulit Biji Jambu Mete, Biomassa, Energi AlternatifAbstract
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of charcoal briquettes produced from cashew nut shell waste (Anacardium occidentale) using Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) as a binder. The research was conducted experimentally using three binder compositions: A (25 g charcoal : 15 mL CNSL), B (25 g charcoal : 20 mL CNSL), and C (25 g charcoal : 25 mL CNSL), with each treatment replicated three times. Cashew nut shells were carbonized through a pyrolysis process, mixed with CNSL binder, and molded into briquettes. The briquettes were characterized based on moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value, density, and burning rate. The results showed that increasing the amount of CNSL binder increased moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and density, while decreasing fixed carbon and calorific value. The moisture content values were 9.21%, 9.62%, and 13.07%, respectively; ash content was 4.31%, 6.40%, and 7.23%; volatile matter ranged from 15.36% to 21.89%; and fixed carbon decreased from 70.71% to 57.81%. The highest calorific value was obtained in treatment A, reaching 5,928 cal/g. Based on the overall parameters evaluated, treatment A produced the best briquette characteristics. The findings indicate that CNSL has potential as a binder for biomass briquettes; however, several parameters, particularly moisture content, volatile matter, and calorific value in some treatments, did not fully comply with the requirements of SNI 01-6235-2000.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik briket arang dari limbah kulit biji jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale) dengan menggunakan perekat Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL). Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan tiga variasi komposisi perekat, yaitu A (25 g arang : 15 mL CNSL), B (25 g arang : 20 mL CNSL), dan C (25 g arang : 25 mL CNSL), dengan masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan tiga kali ulangan. Kulit biji jambu mete dikarbonisasi melalui metode pirolisis, kemudian dicampur dengan perekat CNSL dan dicetak menjadi briket. Karakteristik yang diuji meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat terbang, kadar karbon terikat, nilai kalor, kerapatan, dan laju pembakaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan jumlah perekat CNSL meningkatkan kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat terbang, dan kerapatan briket, tetapi menurunkan kadar karbon terikat dan nilai kalor. Nilai kadar air berturut-turut sebesar 9,21%; 9,62%; dan 13,07%, kadar abu 4,31%; 6,40%; dan 7,23%, kadar zat terbang 15,36%–21,89%, serta kadar karbon terikat 70,71%–57,81%. Nilai kalor tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan A sebesar 5.928 kal/g. Berdasarkan keseluruhan parameter, perlakuan A menghasilkan karakteristik briket terbaik. CNSL berpotensi digunakan sebagai perekat briket biomassa, meskipun beberapa parameter, terutama kadar air, kadar zat terbang, dan nilai kalor pada beberapa perlakuan, belum sepenuhnya memenuhi standar SNI 01-6235-2000.
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