STRATEGI MENDESKRIPSIKAN OBJEK SEBAGAI PEMBELAJARAN PUBLIC SPEAKING SISWA SMK

Abstract

This study aims to describe the implementation of the strategy of describing objects as a public speaking learning for vocational high school students. The study used a qualitative descriptive design with one Indonesian language teacher and 32 grade XI students at a state vocational high school in Sukoharjo in the 2025/2026 academic year selected by purposive sampling as subjects. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and analysis of In-Depth Learning Plan (RPM) documents. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman interactive model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, with data validity maintained through triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the study showed that this strategy was implemented through five integrated aspects: (1) functional teaching materials based on CP Indonesian speaking aspects delivered demonstratively; (2) media in the form of concrete objects in the classroom environment chosen spontaneously; (3) six stages of the strategy including the teacher as a model, offering rewards, spontaneous topic selection, directions for minimizing pauses, oral descriptions without text, and evaluation; (4) formative evaluation based on appreciative oral feedback; and (5) independent follow-up in the form of practice in front of a mirror and family. The conclusion of the study shows that the strategy of describing objects effectively increases students' participation, speaking courage, and fluency, while progressively reducing anxiety about appearing in front of the class.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan strategi mendeskripsikan objek sebagai pembelajaran public speaking siswa SMK. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek satu orang guru Bahasa Indonesia dan 32 siswa kelas XI di salah satu SMK Negeri di Sukoharjo tahun ajaran 2025/2026 yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan analisis dokumen Rencana Pembelajaran Mendalam (RPM). Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman yang mencakup reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan, dengan keabsahan data dijaga melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi ini dilaksanakan melalui lima aspek yang terintegrasi: (1) bahan ajar fungsional berbasis CP Bahasa Indonesia aspek berbicara yang disampaikan secara demonstratif; (2) media berupa objek konkret di lingkungan kelas yang dipilih secara spontan; (3) enam tahapan strategi meliputi guru sebagai model, penawaran reward, pemilihan topik spontan, arahan minimalisasi jeda, deskripsi lisan tanpa teks, dan evaluasi; (4) evaluasi formatif berbasis umpan balik lisan yang apresiatif; serta (5) tindak lanjut mandiri berupa latihan di depan cermin dan keluarga. Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi mendeskripsikan objek efektif meningkatkan partisipasi, keberanian berbicara, dan kelancaran siswa, sekaligus mengurangi kecemasan tampil di depan kelas secara progresif.