EDUCATIONAL : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan & Pengajaran
EDUCATIONAL: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan dan Pengajaran | Terakreditasi Sinta 4 diterbitkan 4 kali setahun (Februari, Mei, Agustus dan November) oleh Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia (P4I) yang berafiliasi dengan Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia. Jurnal ini berisi artikel hasil pemikiran dan penelitian yang ditulis oleh para guru, dosen, pakar, ilmuwan, praktisi, dan pengkaji dalam semua disiplin ilmu yang berkaitan dengan pedidikan dan pengajaran. e-ISSN : 2775-2593 | p-ISSN : 2775-2585
Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia (P4I)
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM NOVEL NEGERI 5 MENARA KARYA AHMAD FUADI DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR BAHASA INDONESIA
ABSTRACT This study is motivated by the urgency of strengthening character education in junior high school literature learning, which has not optimally utilized literary works as a medium for internalizing values, resulting in a gap between curriculum objectives and classroom practices that remain cognitively oriented. The study aims to describe the character education values contained in the novel Negeri 5 Menara by Ahmad Fuadi and to analyze its relevance as an alternative teaching material for eighth-grade novel text learning. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using content analysis. The primary data consist of the novel text, while supporting data are derived from curriculum documents. Data were collected through intensive reading and note-taking, then analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, strengthened by document triangulation. The findings reveal values of religiosity, discipline, hard work, responsibility, honesty, independence, appreciation of knowledge, and friendship, which align with the basic competencies of novel text learning and support the development of students’ character profiles. The study concludes that integrating literary works enriches literacy experiences and fosters contextual character formation, making the novel relevant and appropriate as teaching material in literature learning. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya penguatan pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran sastra di SMP yang belum optimal memanfaatkan karya sastra sebagai media internalisasi nilai, sehingga terjadi kesenjangan antara tujuan kurikulum dan praktik pembelajaran yang masih berorientasi kognitif. Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel Negeri 5 Menara karya Ahmad Fuadi serta menganalisis relevansinya sebagai alternatif bahan ajar teks novel kelas VIII SMP. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode analisis isi. Data berupa teks novel sebagai sumber utama dan dokumen kurikulum sebagai pendukung, dikumpulkan melalui pembacaan intensif dan pencatatan, lalu dianalisis melalui reduksi, penyajian, dan penarikan simpulan dengan penguatan triangulasi dokumen. Hasil menunjukkan adanya nilai religiusitas, disiplin, kerja keras, tanggung jawab, kejujuran, kemandirian, apresiasi terhadap ilmu, dan persahabatan yang selaras dengan kompetensi dasar pembelajaran teks novel serta mendukung profil pelajar berkarakter. Temuan menegaskan bahwa integrasi karya sastra dapat memperkaya literasi sekaligus membentuk karakter secara kontekstual, sehingga novel tersebut relevan dan layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar dalam pembelajaran sastra.
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EFEKTIVITAS KONSELING REBT (RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY) DALAM PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK INTERPERSONAL SISWA DI UPTD SMP NEGERI 2 GUNUNGSITOLI
ABSTRACT This study was motivated by the increasing incidence of interpersonal conflicts among students at UPTD SMP Negeri 2 Gunungsitoli, which has disrupted social interactions and the learning process. Unresolved conflicts may hinder students’ emotional regulation and social adjustment, thus requiring appropriate counseling interventions. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) counseling in resolving students’ interpersonal conflicts. This study emphasizes the importance of a cognitive-behavioral approach in school counseling services as a systematic strategy to develop rational thinking patterns and adaptive social responses. The research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sample consisted of 22 eighth-grade students divided into an experimental group and a control group, each comprising 11 students. The instrument was a Likert-scale questionnaire that met validity and reliability criteria, and data were analyzed using inferential statistics and N-Gain analysis. The results showed a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 (<0.05) in the experimental group, with an average N-Gain of 62.59% (moderately effective category), while the control group obtained only 1.73% (ineffective category). These findings indicate that REBT counseling effectively enhances rational thinking, emotional regulation, and the quality of students’ social relationships in a more constructive manner. Therefore, REBT is considered an effective intervention for addressing interpersonal conflicts in the school setting. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya konflik interpersonal antar siswa di UPTD SMP Negeri 2 Gunungsitoli yang berdampak pada terganggunya interaksi sosial dan proses pembelajaran. Konflik yang tidak terselesaikan berpotensi menghambat regulasi emosi dan penyesuaian diri siswa, sehingga diperlukan intervensi konseling yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas konseling Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) dalam membantu penyelesaian konflik interpersonal siswa. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pendekatan kognitif-perilaku dalam layanan bimbingan dan konseling sekolah sebagai strategi sistematis untuk membentuk pola pikir rasional dan respons sosial yang adaptif. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode quasi-eksperimen melalui desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sampel berjumlah 22 siswa kelas VIII-B yang dibagi ke dalam kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol masing-masing 11 siswa. Instrumen berupa angket skala Likert yang telah memenuhi uji validitas dan reliabilitas, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan uji statistik inferensial dan N-Gain. Hasil menunjukkan nilai signifikansi (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 (<0,05) pada kelompok eksperimen, dengan rata-rata N-Gain 62,59% (kategori cukup efektif), sedangkan kelompok kontrol hanya 1,73% (tidak efektif). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa konseling REBT efektif meningkatkan rasionalitas berpikir, pengendalian emosi, dan kualitas relasi sosial siswa secara lebih konstruktif. Dengan demikian, REBT layak diterapkan sebagai intervensi dalam menangani konflik interpersonal di lingkungan sekolah.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEMAMPUAN MEMBUAT KOLASE DENGAN TINGKAT KREATIVITAS SISWA SANGGAR BIMBINGAN AT-TANZIL MALAYSIA
Creativity is an important aspect in student development that can be stimulated through art activities, one of which is collage making. However, studies on the relationship between collage making ability and students' creativity are still limited, especially in the guidance studio environment. This study aims to analyze the relationship between collage making ability and students' creativity at the At-Tanzil Guidance Studio in Malaysia. The study used a quantitative approach with a correlational design. All studio students were used as research subjects with a saturated sampling technique. Data were obtained through collage making practice tests and creativity questionnaires that had met the criteria for validity and reliability. Data analysis techniques were carried out using the Pearson Product Moment correlation test assisted by statistical software. The results of the study showed a positive and significant relationship between students' ability to make collages and their level of creativity. These findings indicate that collage making activities can be used as an effective learning alternative in developing creativity. This study is expected to contribute to educators in designing art learning activities oriented towards developing students' creative potential. ABSTRAK Kreativitas merupakan aspek penting dalam perkembangan siswa yang dapat distimulasi melalui kegiatan seni, salah satunya pembuatan kolase. Namun, kajian mengenai hubungan kemampuan membuat kolase dengan kreativitas siswa masih terbatas, khususnya pada lingkungan sanggar bimbingan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kemampuan membuat kolase dengan kreativitas siswa di Sanggar Bimbingan At-Tanzil Malaysia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Seluruh siswa sanggar dijadikan subjek penelitian dengan teknik sampling jenuh. Data diperoleh melalui tes praktik pembuatan kolase serta angket kreativitas yang telah memenuhi kriteria validitas dan reliabilitas. Teknik analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson Product Moment berbantuan perangkat lunak statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif dan signifikan antara kemampuan siswa dalam membuat kolase dengan tingkat kreativitas yang dimiliki. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa kegiatan membuat kolase dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif untuk pembelajaran yang efektif dalam mengembangkan kreativitas. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pendidik dalam merancang kegiatan pembelajaran seni yang berorientasi pada pengembangan potensi kreatif siswa.
PENYUSUNAN INSTRUMEN ASESMEN KETERAMPILAN VOKASIONAL MEMBUAT KUE COKLAT BERBAHAN EGGDROP UNTUK SISWA DENGAN HAMBATAN INTELEKTUAL
The development of vocational skills for students with intellectual disabilities requires appropriate assessment instruments to measure their abilities and learning progress. This study aims to develop a performance-based assessment instrument for eggdrop-based chocolate cake making skills spesifically designed for students with intellectual disabilities phase D. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach implemented at Pelita Al Karomah Special Education School teachers with two special education teachers and two validators as subjects. The development process was carried out through three stages: preparation with a literature review and need analysis, preparation of an instrument covering three main aspects (work readiness, manufacturing process and product results), and validation and limited trials. The instrument was designed using task analysis principles by breaking down complex tasks into simple, sequential, and observable steps, equipped with a 1-4 scale scoring rubric based on hierarchical prompting. Validation results showed the instrument met content validity criteria with clear, observable indicators that were appropriate to student characteristics. Limited trials demonstrated its practicality with a 15-20 minute completion time and ease of use by teachers. The developed instrument enables objective and systematic assessment that supports individualized learning planning and documentation of student learning progress in culinary vocational skills. ABSTRAK Pengembangan keterampilan vokasional bagi peserta didik dengan hambatan intelektual memerlukan instrumen asesmen yang tepat untuk mengukur kemampuan dan perkembangan belajar mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun instrumen asesmen berbasis kinerja pada keterampilan pembuatan kue coklat berbahan dasar eggdrop yang dirancang khusus untuk peserta didik dengan hambatan intelektual fase D. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di Sekolah Khusus Pelita Al Karomah dengan subjek dua orang guru pendidikan khusus dan dua orang validator. Proses pengembangan dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu persiapan dengan kajian literatur dan analisis kebutuhan, penyusunan instrumen yang mencakup tiga aspek utama (kesiapan kerja, proses pembuatan, dan hasil produk), serta validasi dan uji coba terbatas. Instrumen dirancang menggunakan prinsip analisis tugas dengan memecah tugas kompleks menjadi langkah-langkah sederhana dan berurutan yang dapat diamati, dilengkapi rubrik penilaian skala 1-4 berdasarkan hirarki prompting. Hasil validasi menunjukkan instrumen memenuhi kriteria validitas konten dengan indikator yang jelas, dapat diobservasi, dan sesuai karakteristik peserta didik. Uji coba terbatas menunjukkan kepraktisan dengan efisiensi waktu pengisian 15-20 menit dan kemudahan penggunaan oleh guru. Instrumen yang dikembangkan memungkinkan asesmen yang objektif dan sistematis yang mendukung perencanaan pembelajaran terindividualisasi serta dokumentasi kemajuan belajar siswa dalam keterampilan vokasional tataboga.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL LINGKUNGAN MELALUI KEGIATAN BERKEBUN PADA ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN
Early childhood is a golden period of brain development that requires integrated stimulation, but environmental awareness is often hampered by conventional learning methods that lack direct experience for students. This study aims to optimize ecological literacy through gardening activities for twenty students aged four to five years at KB Al-Kautsar Banjarnegara. Using a Classroom Action Research design with a spiral model, this study was conducted in two cycles involving the stages of scenario planning, implementation of planting actions, systematic observation, and critical reflection in the field. Data collection was carried out through direct observation techniques on three main indicators that were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. The research findings show a substantial increase in children's capacity in each cycle: the ability to recognize plant types increased significantly from 40% to 95%, understanding of plant care procedures increased from 45% to 90%, and the manifestation of caring attitudes towards the surrounding environment grew from 40% to 80%. These results prove that outdoor experience-based learning methods are able to transform abstract material into concrete understanding that is imprinted in children's long-term memory. The main conclusion confirms that gardening activities are a highly effective contextual pedagogical strategy in improving the ability to recognize the environment while simultaneously building naturalist intelligence and responsible character in early childhood in a sustainable manner. ABSTRAK Fase usia dini merupakan periode keemasan perkembangan otak yang memerlukan stimulasi terintegrasi, namun pengenalan lingkungan seringkali terhambat oleh metode pembelajaran konvensional yang kurang melibatkan pengalaman langsung bagi peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan literasi ekologis melalui aktivitas berkebun pada dua puluh anak didik usia empat hingga lima tahun di KB Al-Kautsar Banjarnegara. Menggunakan rancangan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan model spiral, studi ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus yang melibatkan tahapan perencanaan skenario, pelaksanaan tindakan menanam, observasi sistematis, serta refleksi kritis di lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi langsung terhadap tiga indikator utama yang dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif sederhana. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kapasitas anak secara substansial pada setiap siklus: kemampuan mengenali jenis tanaman meningkat signifikan dari 40% menjadi 95%, pemahaman tata cara merawat tumbuhan naik dari 45% menjadi 90%, dan manifestasi sikap peduli terhadap lingkungan sekitar tumbuh dari 40% ke angka 80%. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa metode pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman di luar ruangan mampu mentransformasi materi abstrak menjadi pemahaman konkret yang membekas pada ingatan jangka panjang anak. Simpulan utama menegaskan bahwa kegiatan berkebun merupakan strategi pedagogis kontekstual yang sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal lingkungan sekaligus membangun kecerdasan naturalis serta karakter bertanggung jawab pada anak usia dini secara berkelanjutan.
MENGATASI OVERTHINKING: TANTANGAN MAHASISWA PAI MENUJU GURU PROFESIONAL
ABSTRACT This study aims to describe the challenges faced by Islamic Education (PAI) students in their academic journey toward teacher professionalism, particularly regarding the phenomenon of overthinking, which often arises as a form of anxiety and self-doubt. Using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, the research explores the experiences of seven PAI students from the 2021 cohort at UIN Raden Intan Lampung through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzes them thematically to uncover the essential meaning of their experiences. The findings reveal that overthinking negatively affects productivity, emotional stability, and self-confidence, yet simultaneously serves as a medium for building resilience and mental toughness. The strategies employed by students to manage overthinking include integrating psychological and spiritual approaches, such as strengthening Islamic values and fostering a supportive academic environment. These findings affirm that Islamic higher education plays a crucial role in shaping professional PAI teachers, not only through mastery of knowledge but also through psychological and spiritual balance that supports the development of character, exemplary conduct, and readiness to face the dynamics of the educational world. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tantangan mahasiswa Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) dalam proses akademik menuju profesionalisme guru, khususnya terkait fenomena overthinking yang kerap muncul sebagai bentuk kecemasan dan keraguan diri. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif berpendekatan fenomenologi, penelitian ini menggali pengalaman tujuh mahasiswa PAI angkatan 2021 UIN Raden Intan Lampung melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, serta dianalisis secara tematik untuk menemukan makna esensial dari pengalaman mereka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa overthinking berdampak pada penurunan produktivitas, kestabilan emosional, dan kepercayaan diri, namun sekaligus menjadi sarana pembentukan resiliensi dan ketangguhan mental. Strategi pengelolaan overthinking yang dilakukan mahasiswa meliputi integrasi pendekatan psikologis dan spiritual, seperti penguatan nilai-nilai Islam, serta dukungan lingkungan akademik yang kondusif. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pendidikan tinggi Islam berperan penting dalam membentuk guru PAI yang profesional, tidak hanya melalui penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan, tetapi juga melalui keseimbangan psikologis dan spiritual yang mendukung pembentukan karakter, keteladanan, dan kesiapan menghadapi dinamika dunia pendidikan.
ANALISIS NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM KEGIATAN EKSTRAKULIKULER HIZBUL WATHAN DI SD
This study aims to analyze the content and implementation of Islamic educational values in the extracurricular activities of Hizbul Wathan at SD Muhammadiyah 9 Ngaban Tanggulangin. This study is motivated by the importance of strengthening character education based on Islamic values through non-formal activities in Muhammadiyah elementary schools. The method used is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach to understand the meaning of the internalization of values that occur in scouting activities. The research subjects included Hizbul Wathan coaches, fourth to sixth grade students, and the school principal. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, open interviews, and documentation, while data validity was tested through source triangulation. The results showed that the values of faith, worship, morals, and social values were internalized in an integrated manner through habit formation, role modeling, and direct experience. The values of faith and worship are reflected through communal prayer, the habit of greeting others, the correction of intentions, and the interpretation of every activity as a form of obedience to Allah SWT. Moral values are evident in discipline, responsibility, politeness, and the example set by humanistic and compassionate mentors. Meanwhile, social values develop through teamwork, mutual assistance (ta'awun), solidarity, and concern for the school environment. The high level of student participation shows the growth of intrinsic motivation as a result of a religious and enjoyable coaching approach. Thus, Hizbul Wathan functions as an effective medium for the internalization of Islamic educational values in an applicable and contextual manner at the elementary school level. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan serta implementasi nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler Hizbul Wathan di SD Muhammadiyah 9 Ngaban Tanggulangin. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya penguatan pendidikan karakter berbasis nilai Islam melalui kegiatan nonformal di sekolah dasar Muhammadiyah. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis untuk memahami makna internalisasi nilai yang terjadi dalam aktivitas kepanduan. Subjek penelitian meliputi pembina Hizbul Wathan, siswa kelas IV–VI, dan kepala sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara terbuka, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan keabsahan data diuji melalui triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai aqidah, ibadah, akhlak, dan sosial terinternalisasi secara terpadu melalui pembiasaan, keteladanan, dan pengalaman langsung. Nilai aqidah dan ibadah tercermin melalui doa bersama, pembiasaan salam, pelurusan niat, serta pemaknaan setiap aktivitas sebagai bentuk ketaatan kepada Allah Swt. Nilai akhlak tampak dalam sikap disiplin, tanggung jawab, sopan santun, serta keteladanan pembina yang humanis dan penuh kasih sayang. Sementara itu, nilai sosial berkembang melalui kerja regu, tolong-menolong (ta’awun), solidaritas, dan kepedulian terhadap lingkungan sekolah. Tingginya partisipasi siswa menunjukkan tumbuhnya motivasi intrinsik sebagai hasil pendekatan pembinaan yang religius dan menyenangkan. Dengan demikian, Hizbul Wathan berfungsi sebagai media efektif dalam internalisasi nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam secara aplikatif dan kontekstual di tingkat sekolah dasar.
TINDAK TUTUR ILOKUSI DALAM PIDATO SAMBUTAN PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA PADA ACARA KEAGAAMAN: SEBUAH KAJIAN PRAGMATIK
Presidential speeches at religious events are often viewed as mere ceremonial formalities, yet they contain crucial pragmatic strategies for influencing public attitudes. This study examines the illocutionary speech acts in President Prabowo Subianto's welcoming speech at the 2025 National Christmas Celebration to describe their types, dominant types, and communicative functions. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a content analysis method, the research stages include data collection from the official website of the Cabinet Secretariat and classification of speech segments based on John Searle's theory. The analysis results identified 31 occurrences of illocutionary speech acts in 25 speech segments. Quantitatively, the assertive type dominated with 12 findings (38.7%), followed by expressive with 7 findings (22.6%), directive with 5 findings (16.1%), and commissive with 4 findings (12.9%), with no declarative speech acts. The findings indicate that assertive dominance functions to frame the factual narrative of the nation's condition, while expressive strengthens interpersonal relationships with the audience. Directive speech acts are used as instruments of moral persuasion to maintain unity, while commissive speeches emphasize the government's promise of performance for the welfare of the people. The main conclusion of this study confirms that the president's speech is a strategic political discourse that utilizes a variety of linguistic strategies to construct meaning and influence in communication in the public sphere. This study demonstrates that speech choices play a vital role in shaping the image of inclusive leadership in Indonesia's multicultural society. ABSTRAK Pidato presiden dalam acara keagamaan sering kali hanya dipandang sebagai formalitas seremonial, padahal di dalamnya terkandung strategi pragmatik krusial untuk memengaruhi sikap publik. Penelitian ini mengkaji tindak tutur ilokusi dalam pidato sambutan Presiden Prabowo Subianto pada Perayaan Natal Nasional 2025 guna mendeskripsikan jenis, tipe dominan, serta fungsi komunikatifnya. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode analisis isi, tahapan penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data dari situs resmi Sekretariat Kabinet dan klasifikasi segmen pidato berdasarkan teori John Searle. Hasil analisis mengidentifikasi 31 kemunculan tindak tutur ilokusi dalam 25 segmen pidato. Secara kuantitatif, tipe asertif mendominasi dengan 12 temuan (38,7%), diikuti ekspresif 7 temuan (22,6%), direktif 5 temuan (16,1%), dan komisif 4 temuan (12,9%), tanpa adanya tindak tutur deklaratif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa dominasi asertif berfungsi membingkai narasi faktual kondisi bangsa, sementara ekspresif memperkuat relasi interpersonal dengan audiens. Tindak tutur direktif digunakan sebagai instrumen persuasi moral untuk menjaga persatuan, sedangkan komisif menegaskan janji kinerja pemerintah bagi kesejahteraan rakyat. Simpulan utama penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pidato presiden merupakan wacana politik strategis yang memanfaatkan keragaman strategi kebahasaan untuk membangun makna dan pengaruh komunikasi di ruang publik. Kajian ini membuktikan bahwa pilihan tuturan berperan vital dalam membentuk citra kepemimpinan yang inklusif pada masyarakat Indonesia yang multikultural.
EFEKTIVITAS KONSELING COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR DENGAN TEKNIK REFRAMING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEBAHAGIAAN BERBASIS NILAI-NILAI TRI HITA KARANA BAGI REMAJA KORBAN PERCERAIAN
Happiness is a condition where individuals tend to remember positive experiences rather than negative ones. Happiness can also be defined as a positive emotion that fuels enthusiasm and gives meaning to every individual's actions. According to the local value of Tri Hita Karana, happiness is a harmonious relationship between humans and God (Parahyangan), between humans and others (Pawongan), and between humans and the environment (Palemahan). This study addresses the low happiness of adolescent victims of divorce, which often causes emotional trauma, depression, and difficulties in social adaptation. The impacts of parental divorce include loss of affection, mental stress, and environmental changes, with triggering factors such as economics, conflict, and infidelity. This study tested the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior counseling using the Reframing technique to increase the happiness of adolescents at the Dana Punia Orphanage, Singaraja. This intervention changed negative thought patterns into positive perspectives through stages such as identifying perceptions, reframing, and follow-up. The hypothesis stated that the intervention was effective in increasing happiness indicators such as spiritual calm and harmonious relationships. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a Pretest-Posttest control group experimental research design with 10 samples of adolescents aged 15-21 years (5 experimental groups, 5 control groups). The intervention consisted of six sessions, measured using a Tri Hita Karana-based happiness questionnaire. Reframing techniques included rational strategies, perception modification, and homework for habituation. Cognitive Behavior Counseling with Reframing integrated with local Tri Hita Karana values effectively restored happiness through cognitive and behavioral changes. This research differs from previous studies by focusing on specific intervention experiments in the Balinese context. ABSTRAK Kebahagiaan adalah kondisi individu yang cenderung mengingat pengalaman positif dibandingkan dengan pengalaman negatif. Kebahagiaan juga dapat diartikan sebagai emosi positif yang memicu semangat dan memberikan makna dalam setiap tindakan individu. Menurut nilai lokal Tri Hita Karana, kebahagiaan merupakan keharmonisan hubungan antara manusia dengan Tuhan (Parahyangan), hubungan antara manusia dengan sesama (Pawongan), dan hubungan antara manusia dengan lingkungan (Palemahan). Penelitian ini mengatasi rendahnya kebahagiaan remaja korban perceraian, yang sering menyebabkan trauma emosional, depresi, dan kesulitan adaptasi sosial. Dampak perceraian orang tua termasuk kehilangan kasih sayang, tekanan mental, dan perubahan lingkungan, dengan faktor pemicu seperti ekonomi, konflik, dan perselingkuhan. Menguji efektivitas konseling Cognitive Behavior teknik Reframing untuk meningkatkan kebahagiaan remaja di Panti Asuhan Dana Punia, Singaraja. Intervensi ini mengubah pola pikir negatif menjadi perspektif positif melalui tahapan seperti identifikasi persepsi, reframing, dan tindak lanjut. Hipotesis menyatakan intervensi tersebut efektif dalam meningkatkan indikator kebahagiaan seperti ketenangan spiritual dan hubungan harmonis. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-eksperimen dengan design penelitian eksperimen Pretest-Posttest control group dengan 10 sampel remaja usia 15-21 tahun (5 kelompok eksperimen, 5 kontrol). Intervensi dilakukan 6 sesi, diukur dengan kuesioner kebahagiaan berbasis Tri Hita Karana. Teknik Reframing meliputi rasional strategi, modifikasi persepsi, dan homework untuk pembiasaan. Konseling Cognitive Behavior dengan Reframing diintegrasikan dengan nilai lokal Tri Hita Karana efektif memulihkan kebahagiaan melalui perubahan kognitif dan perilaku. Penelitian ini membedakan diri dari studi sebelumnya dengan fokus eksperimen intervensi spesifik pada konteks Bali.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM: KAJIAN LITERATUR
Islamic Religious Education (PAI) faces challenges in accommodating the diverse characteristics of students, including differences in learning readiness, interests, learning styles, and socio-cultural backgrounds. One relevant approach to addressing these challenges is the differentiated learning model. This article aims to conceptually analyze the implementation of differentiated learning in Islamic Religious Education, including its fundamental concepts, characteristics, implementation procedures, and challenges encountered in practice. This study employs a library research method by collecting and analyzing various scholarly sources such as books, journal articles, and educational policy documents related to differentiated instruction and Islamic Religious Education. The findings indicate that differentiated learning enables teachers to adjust content, learning processes, and learning products according to students’ needs, thereby creating a more inclusive, effective, and meaningful learning environment. The implementation of this model contributes to increased motivation, active participation, and the development of students’ cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Therefore, differentiated learning serves as an essential strategy in supporting the optimal and sustainable achievement of Islamic Religious Education learning objectives. ABSTRAK Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) menghadapi tantangan dalam mengakomodasi keberagaman karakteristik peserta didik yang meliputi perbedaan kesiapan belajar, minat, gaya belajar, serta latar belakang sosial dan kultural. Salah satu pendekatan yang relevan untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut adalah model pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara konseptual penerapan model pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dalam pembelajaran PAI, meliputi konsep dasar, karakteristik, langkah-langkah implementasi, serta kendala yang dihadapi dalam praktiknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka (library research) dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis berbagai sumber ilmiah berupa buku, artikel jurnal, dan dokumen kebijakan pendidikan yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dan PAI. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berdiferensiasi memungkinkan guru menyesuaikan konten, proses, dan produk pembelajaran sesuai kebutuhan peserta didik, sehingga tercipta pembelajaran yang lebih inklusif, efektif, dan bermakna. Penerapan model ini berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan motivasi, partisipasi aktif, serta pengembangan aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik peserta didik. Dengan demikian, pembelajaran berdiferensiasi menjadi strategi penting dalam mendukung pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran PAI secara optimal dan berkelanjutan.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN GAME ROLE PLAY BERBASIS PROYEK PADA MATERI AKAD DAN JUAL BELI
ABSTRACT The importance of innovation in instructional media in religious education encourages teachers to develop more interactive and contextual methods so that students can understand learning materials more meaningfully. This study aims to develop a project-based role-play game learning media on the topic of contracts (akad) and buying–selling transactions for second-grade students of Madrasah Aliyah. The background of this research is the low level of student engagement in Fiqh learning due to conventional approaches that are less contextual and interactive. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results show that the developed media effectively increases students’ active participation, practical understanding of the material, and social skills such as communication and collaboration. Limited trials indicate positive responses from both students and teachers, although several technical constraints were encountered, such as limited instructional time and initial adaptation to the role-play method. In conclusion, this learning media is feasible to be used to improve the quality of Fiqh learning so that it becomes more contextual, engaging, and aligned with the characteristics of Generation Z, while also supporting more collaborative, participatory, and experiential learning in the school environment. ABSTRAK Pentingnya inovasi media pembelajaran dalam pendidikan agama mendorong guru untuk mengembangkan metode yang lebih interaktif dan kontekstual agar siswa dapat memahami materi secara lebih bermakna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berupa game role play berbasis proyek pada materi akad dan jual beli untuk siswa kelas 2 Madrasah Aliyah. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah rendahnya keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran Fikih akibat pendekatan konvensional yang kurang kontekstual dan interaktif. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang meliputi tahapan analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media yang dikembangkan efektif meningkatkan partisipasi aktif siswa, pemahaman materi secara aplikatif, serta keterampilan sosial seperti komunikasi dan kerja sama. Uji coba terbatas menunjukkan respon positif dari siswa dan guru, meskipun terdapat kendala teknis seperti keterbatasan waktu dan adaptasi awal terhadap metode role play. Kesimpulannya, media pembelajaran ini layak digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran Fikih yang kontekstual, menyenangkan, dan sesuai dengan karakteristik generasi Z, serta berpotensi mendukung pembelajaran yang lebih kolaboratif, partisipatif, dan berorientasi pada pengalaman belajar nyata di lingkungan sekolah.
PEMBENTUKAN AKHLAK SISWA DENGAN STRATEGI HUMANISTIK GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
ABSTRACT This study focuses on the role of Islamic Religious Education teachers in the process of fostering students’ moral character at SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Kalirejo, Central Lampung. The purpose of this research is to describe the strategies employed by Islamic Religious Education teachers, the various challenges encountered in their implementation, and the efforts made to overcome these obstacles. This research applies a qualitative approach, with data collection conducted through interview techniques. The findings reveal that Islamic Religious Education teachers perform their roles as role models, mentors, and motivators by demonstrating positive behavior, habituating good attitudes, delivering contextual learning, and employing persuasive communication. The main challenges identified in this study include limited time during the learning process and differences in students’ backgrounds. In response to these conditions, teachers implement a humanistic and collaborative approach. The study also emphasizes that the active participation of Islamic Religious Education teachers and the synergy among all elements of the school play a crucial role in supporting the implementation of character education. Furthermore, the findings indicate that moral development requires consistency, exemplary behavior, and a supportive school environment so that moral values can be continuously internalized within students. ABSTRAK Kajian ini menitikberatkan pada peran guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam proses pembinaan akhlak peserta didik di SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Kalirejo Lampung Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan strategi yang digunakan oleh guru Pendidikan Agama Islam, berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaannya, serta upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi berbagai kendala tersebut. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan kualitatif, sementara proses pengumpulan data dilaksanakan melalui teknik wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru Pendidikan Agama Islam menjalankan peran sebagai teladan, pembimbing, dan motivator melalui penunjukan perilaku yang positif, pembiasaan sikap yang baik, penyampaian pembelajaran yang kontekstual, serta penggunaan komunikasi yang bersifat persuasif. Tantangan utama yang dihadapi dalam penelitian ini meliputi keterbatasan waktu pada pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran serta adanya perbedaan latar belakang yang dimiliki oleh para siswa. Sebagai respons terhadap kondisi tersebut, guru menerapkan pendekatan yang bersifat humanis dan kolaboratif. Penelitian ini juga menegaskan bahwa partisipasi aktif guru Pendidikan Agama Islam serta sinergi seluruh unsur sekolah memegang peranan penting dalam mendukung pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter. Selain itu, temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembinaan akhlak memerlukan konsistensi, keteladanan, serta dukungan lingkungan sekolah yang kondusif agar nilai-nilai moral dapat tertanam secara berkesinambungan dalam diri siswa.
PERAN SEKOLAH DALAM PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM MAKAN BERGIZI GRATIS (MBG) DI UPTD SMP NEGERI 1 SIROMBU
ABSTRACT The Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) is a national initiative launched by the government to improve the quality of human resources starting from school age, with schools serving as the primary implementers at the educational unit level. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the roles and functions of schools in the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) at UPTD SMP Negeri 1 Sirombu. The research employed a descriptive approach with a qualitative method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving the principal, one teacher, and one student as informants. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and interactive conclusion drawing, strengthened by source triangulation to ensure the validity of the findings. The results indicate that the school’s role has been implemented systematically, including identifying student beneficiaries such as those with special conditions providing supporting facilities, receiving and inspecting meals, distributing food, supervising consumption, and preparing accountability reports. The school’s functions in this program include ensuring accurate targeting, addressing students’ special needs, guaranteeing that meals are appropriate, safe, and nutritious, and creating an orderly and comfortable consumption process. Overall, the school’s active involvement in managing and supervising the program is a key factor in the successful implementation of MBG and demonstrates that optimizing managerial and supervisory functions significantly determines the program’s effectiveness at the school level. ABSTRAK Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) merupakan program nasional yang dicanangkan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia sejak usia sekolah, dengan sekolah sebagai pelaksana utama di tingkat satuan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan peran dan fungsi sekolah dalam implementasi Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) di UPTD SMP Negeri 1 Sirombu. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan informan yang terdiri atas kepala sekolah, satu guru, dan satu siswa. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan secara interaktif, serta diperkuat dengan teknik triangulasi sumber untuk menjamin keabsahan temuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan peran sekolah telah berjalan secara sistematis, meliputi pendataan peserta didik penerima manfaat termasuk yang memiliki kondisi khusus, penyediaan sarana pendukung, penerimaan dan pengecekan makanan, pendistribusian, pengawasan saat konsumsi, hingga penyusunan laporan pertanggungjawaban. Fungsi sekolah dalam program ini mencakup memastikan ketepatan sasaran, memperhatikan kebutuhan khusus peserta didik, menjamin makanan yang layak, aman, dan bergizi, serta menciptakan proses konsumsi yang tertib dan nyaman. Secara keseluruhan, keterlibatan aktif sekolah dalam pengelolaan dan pengawasan program menjadi faktor kunci keberhasilan implementasi MBG serta menunjukkan bahwa optimalisasi fungsi manajerial dan pengawasan sekolah sangat menentukan efektivitas program di tingkat satuan pendidikan.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPAS MELALUI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DI SEKOLAH DASAR
The purpose of this study was to describe the process of developing creative thinking skills in science (IPAS) subjects through the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in grade VI students of Mertan 1 Elementary School. The data collection techniques used included observation, interviews, and documentation with 7 students from grade IV as the subjects. The data analysis technique applied was interactive data analysis through four stages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, processed using NVivo version 12. The results of the study indicate that students’ creative thinking skills through PBL developed comprehensively: fluency of thinking produced various alternative problem-solving ideas and initial ideas; flexibility of thinking generated new solutions and different ways of collecting information; originality of thinking resulted in presenting outcomes independently and contributing actively to discussions; and the development of thinking processes produced detailed idea elaboration, systematic explanation of investigation steps, and evaluation of results with logical improvement measures. ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses kemampuan berpikir kreatif dalam mata pelajaran IPAS melalui model Problem-Based Learning siswa kelas VI Sekolah Dasar Negeri Mertan 1. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan terdiri dari observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, dengan subjek kelas IV yang terdiri dari 7 siswa, sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data interaktif melalui empat tahapan, meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan yang diolah melalui Nvivo versi 12. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kreatif pada siswa melalui PBL berkembang secara menyeluruh, kelancaran berpikir menghasilkan berbagai alternatif pemecahan masalah dan ide awal, keluwesan berpikir menghasilkan solusi baru dan cara pengumpulan informasi yang berbeda, keaslian berpikir menghasilkan penyampaian hasil dengan cara sendiri dan kontribusi nyata dalam diskusi, serta pengembangan proses berpikir menghasilkan elaborasi ide yang rinci, penjelasan langkah penyelidikan secara sistematis, dan evaluasi terhadap hasil yang diperoleh dengan langkah perbaikan yang logis.
STRATEGI MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS LAYANAN EKSTRAKURIKULER KARATE
ABSTRACT Extracurricular activities are an important component of educational programs that contribute to the development of students’ potential, skills, and character beyond formal classroom learning. However, the quality of extracurricular services in schools often faces various managerial challenges, including limited facilities, program coordination, and stakeholder involvement. This study aims to examine the principal’s managerial strategies in improving the quality of karate extracurricular services at SMP Negeri 4 Kuripan. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with the principal, vice principal, extracurricular supervisors, and students, as well as document analysis. The findings indicate that the improvement of service quality is achieved through four systematic stages: program identification, provision of facilities, active communication with parents, and resolution of operational constraints, supported by regular evaluations and a gradual sanction mechanism. The strategy for managing parental involvement is implemented by integrating the POAC management functions (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling) supported by effective communication. The main challenges identified include scheduling conflicts, limited facilities and infrastructure, and students’ motivation. It can be concluded that the success of the karate extracurricular program depends on a well-structured internal management system, strategic partnerships with parents, and the school’s ability to adaptively address operational challenges in order to create a holistic supporting ecosystem. ABSTRAK Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler merupakan bagian penting dari program pendidikan yang berperan dalam mengembangkan potensi, keterampilan, serta karakter peserta didik di luar pembelajaran formal. Namun, kualitas layanan ekstrakurikuler di sekolah sering menghadapi berbagai tantangan manajerial, seperti keterbatasan sarana, koordinasi program, dan keterlibatan pemangku kepentingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji strategi manajerial kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kualitas layanan ekstrakurikuler karate di SMP Negeri 4 Kuripan. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam dengan kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, guru pembina, dan peserta, serta studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kualitas layanan dicapai melalui penerapan empat tahap sistematis: identifikasi program, penyediaan sarana, komunikasi aktif dengan orang tua, dan penyelesaian kendala operasional, yang dilengkapi dengan evaluasi rutin dan mekanisme sanksi bertahap. Strategi pengelolaan keterlibatan orang tua diimplementasikan dengan mengintegrasikan fungsi manajemen POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling) yang didukung komunikasi efektif. Kendala utama yang dihadapi meliputi penjadwalan, keterbatasan sarana-prasarana, dan motivasi siswa. Disimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan program ekstrakurikuler karate bergantung pada struktur manajemen internal yang baik, kemitraan strategis dengan orang tua, dan kemampuan sekolah dalam mengatasi tantangan operasional secara adaptif untuk menciptakan ekosistem pendukung yang holistik.
EKSPLORASI PERAN SUPERVISI AKADEMIK DALAM MENINGKATKAN PROFESIONALISME GURU
ABSTRACT Academic supervision is an important strategy for improving teachers’ professionalism in schools. The effectiveness of its implementation is influenced by the quality of planning, implementation, and follow-up of the supervision process. This study aims to describe the implementation of academic supervision at SMAN 5 Mataram and its role in improving teachers’ professionalism, including pedagogical, personal, social, and professional competencies, as well as to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study design. The research informants consisted of the principal, the vice principal for curriculum affairs, and subject teachers. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, while data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that academic supervision planning is carried out systematically through an annual coordination meeting preceded by mapping teachers’ needs. The implementation of supervision emphasizes a collaborative approach through classroom observations and individual conferences, while follow-up activities are conducted in the form of coaching and constructive feedback. Supporting factors include effective principal leadership, a collaborative school culture, and the availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include limited time, teachers’ workload, and limited technological facilities. Overall, consistent and participatory academic supervision contributes positively to improving teachers’ professionalism at SMAN 5 Mataram. ABSTRAK Supervisi akademik merupakan salah satu strategi penting dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru di sekolah. Keberhasilan pelaksanaannya dipengaruhi oleh kualitas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, serta tindak lanjut supervisi yang dilakukan secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan supervisi akademik di SMAN 5 Mataram serta perannya dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru yang meliputi kompetensi pedagogik, kepribadian, sosial, dan profesional, serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Informan penelitian terdiri atas kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah bidang kurikulum, dan guru mata pelajaran. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan supervisi akademik dilakukan secara terstruktur melalui rapat awal tahun yang diawali dengan pemetaan kebutuhan guru. Pelaksanaan supervisi menekankan pendekatan kolaboratif melalui observasi kelas dan pembicaraan individual, sedangkan tindak lanjut dilakukan dalam bentuk pembinaan serta pemberian umpan balik yang konstruktif. Faktor pendukung pelaksanaan supervisi meliputi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah yang efektif, budaya sekolah yang kolaboratif, serta ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana. Adapun faktor penghambat meliputi keterbatasan waktu, beban kerja guru, serta keterbatasan fasilitas teknologi. Secara keseluruhan, supervisi akademik yang dilaksanakan secara konsisten dan partisipatif terbukti memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMAN 5 Mataram.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PESERTA DIDIK
ABSTRACT The Merdeka Curriculum is an educational policy designed to provide flexibility for schools in developing students’ potential based on their characteristics, interests, and talents. This curriculum emphasizes student-centered learning, collaboration, and project-based approaches to strengthen the Pancasila Student Profile. This study aims to examine the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at SMA Negeri 2 Mataram and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in improving students’ competencies. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The informants include the vice principal for curriculum affairs, subject teachers, and twelfth-grade students. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum has been carried out gradually and systematically. Teachers refer to Learning Outcomes, develop Learning Objective Flows, and apply differentiated learning strategies. The Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project plays a role in fostering students’ character, creativity, and collaboration. Its implementation is supported by school commitment, teacher readiness, and adequate facilities, although challenges remain, such as limited instructional time and differences in students’ abilities. ABSTRAK Kurikulum Merdeka merupakan kebijakan pendidikan yang memberikan keleluasaan kepada satuan pendidikan dalam mengembangkan potensi peserta didik sesuai karakteristik, minat, dan bakatnya. Kurikulum ini menekankan pembelajaran berpusat pada peserta didik, kolaborasi, serta penggunaan pendekatan berbasis proyek untuk memperkuat Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di SMA Negeri 2 Mataram serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam meningkatkan kompetensi peserta didik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Informan terdiri atas wakil kepala sekolah bidang kurikulum, guru, dan siswa kelas XII. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melalui reduksi, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka telah berjalan secara bertahap dan sistematis. Guru mengacu pada Capaian Pembelajaran, mengembangkan Alur Tujuan Pembelajaran, serta menerapkan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila berperan dalam mengembangkan karakter, kreativitas, dan kolaborasi siswa. Keberhasilan didukung oleh komitmen sekolah, kesiapan guru, dan fasilitas, meskipun masih terdapat kendala seperti keterbatasan waktu dan perbedaan kemampuan siswa.
PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN MANAJEMEN KELAS GURU BERSERTIFIKASI DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
ABSTRACT Teachers who possess strong professional competencies are able to establish and sustain an effective and engaging learning environment that prevents students from feeling bored during the learning process. In addition, teachers can guide students in utilizing various learning resources, such as textbooks, printed materials, and digital technologies, which encourage students to think critically, explore information, and exchange ideas with their peers. Such learning conditions can stimulate students’ motivation and ultimately contribute to improved academic achievement. This study aims to examine the influence of certified teachers’ classroom management skills on students’ academic achievement at SMP Negeri 15 Mataram. In addition, the study seeks to analyze the effect of students’ learning motivation on their academic achievement, as well as to determine the combined effect of certified teachers’ classroom management ability and learning motivation on students’ learning outcomes. The research employed a quantitative approach using a correlational method. The results of the partial test indicate that the classroom management ability of certified teachers does not have a significant effect on students’ academic achievement, as indicated by a significance value of 0.633 (> 0.05). In contrast, students’ learning motivation has a significant effect on academic achievement with a significance value of 0.005 (< 0.05). Furthermore, the results of the F-test show that the calculated F value is 5.397, which is greater than the F-table value of 3.09 (5.397 > 3.09), with a significance level of 0.006 (< 0.05). The significance test of the F-change model also produced an F value of 5.397 with a significance level of 0.006 (< 0.05). These findings indicate that the regression model is statistically significant, meaning that the two independent variables simultaneously influence students’ academic achievement. ABSTRAK Guru yang memiliki kompetensi profesional mampu menciptakan suasana pembelajaran yang kondusif, efektif, dan menyenangkan sehingga peserta didik tidak mudah merasa bosan selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Selain itu, guru juga berperan dalam mengembangkan kemampuan siswa dalam memanfaatkan berbagai sumber dan media pembelajaran, seperti buku, media cetak, maupun teknologi, sehingga siswa dapat berpikir kritis, berdiskusi, serta saling bertukar gagasan. Kondisi pembelajaran yang demikian diharapkan dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa yang pada akhirnya berdampak pada peningkatan prestasi belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kemampuan manajemen kelas guru yang telah bersertifikasi terhadap prestasi belajar siswa di SMP Negeri 15 Mataram, mengetahui pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, serta mengkaji pengaruh kedua variabel tersebut secara bersama-sama terhadap prestasi belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji parsial, diketahui bahwa variabel kemampuan manajemen kelas guru bersertifikasi tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,633 (> 0,05). Sebaliknya, variabel motivasi belajar terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar siswa dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,005 (< 0,05). Sementara itu, hasil uji simultan melalui uji F menunjukkan nilai Fhitung sebesar 5,397 yang lebih besar daripada F tabel sebesar 3,09 (5,397 > 3,09) dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,006 (< 0,05). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa model regresi yang digunakan signifikan secara statistik. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara simultan kemampuan manajemen kelas guru bersertifikasi dan motivasi belajar memiliki pengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa.
STRATEGI PELAYANAN PERPUSTAKAAN SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS AKADEMIK SISWA
ABSTRACT School library services are an essential component in improving students’ academic quality. The library functions as a learning resource center that provides books, journals, and information relevant to the curriculum. Effective services can enhance literacy, critical and analytical thinking skills, and learning motivation. This study aims to examine library service strategies in improving students’ academic quality. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study conducted at SMAN 1 Praya, Central Lombok. The results show that the strategies include improving circulation services, developing collections based on students’ needs, providing reference services, and utilizing information technology. These strategies increase students’ visit interest, reading habits, and understanding of learning materials. However, several challenges remain, including limited facilities, incomplete collections, and low student awareness in utilizing the library. Therefore, support and collaboration among schools, teachers, and students are needed to optimize the library’s role. These findings highlight the importance of well-planned and sustainable library management in creating a conducive learning environment and strengthening the library’s role as a literacy center in schools, offering practical recommendations for improving the quality of school library services. ABSTRAK Layanan perpustakaan sekolah merupakan aspek penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas akademik siswa. Perpustakaan berfungsi sebagai pusat sumber belajar yang menyediakan buku, jurnal, dan informasi relevan dengan kurikulum. Layanan yang efektif mampu meningkatkan literasi, kemampuan berpikir kritis dan analitis, serta motivasi belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji strategi pelayanan perpustakaan dalam meningkatkan kualitas akademik siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus di SMAN 1 Praya, Lombok Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan strategi meliputi peningkatan layanan sirkulasi, pengembangan koleksi sesuai kebutuhan siswa, pelayanan referensi, serta pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Strategi tersebut meningkatkan minat kunjung, kebiasaan membaca, dan pemahaman materi pelajaran. Namun, masih terdapat kendala berupa keterbatasan sarana prasarana, koleksi yang belum lengkap, dan rendahnya kesadaran sebagian siswa. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan dukungan sekolah, guru, dan siswa untuk mengoptimalkan peran perpustakaan sebagai strategi peningkatan kualitas akademik. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pengelolaan layanan yang terencana dan berkelanjutan sangat penting untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif serta memperkuat fungsi perpustakaan sebagai pusat literasi di sekolah. Implikasinya memberikan rekomendasi praktis bagi pengembangan layanan perpustakaan sekolah berkualitas.
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI DESA WAWOWAE
This study is motivated by the high prevalence of stunting among early childhood, which has significant impacts on physical growth, cognitive development, and the quality of human resources in the future. The objective of this study is to analyze the factors causing stunting among early childhood in Wawowae Village. This research employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research subjects consisted of parents of stunted children and Posyandu cadres selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, and was validated through source and technique triangulation. The results show that stunting is caused by several main factors, including inadequate nutritional intake characterized by limited food variety and low consumption of animal protein, suboptimal parenting practices in managing children’s eating schedules and assistance, and socio-economic conditions that limit the ability to provide nutritious food. In addition, environmental factors such as sanitation are not the primary cause, although some hygiene practices are still not optimal. This study confirms that stunting is a multidimensional problem that requires integrated interventions through improving parental nutrition literacy and optimizing the use of local food resources. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya kasus stunting pada anak usia dini yang berdampak pada pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan kognitif, dan kualitas sumber daya manusia di masa depan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab stunting pada anak usia dini di Desa Wawowae. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas orang tua anak stunting dan kader Posyandu yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, serta diuji melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stunting disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor utama, yaitu rendahnya asupan gizi yang ditandai dengan kurangnya variasi makanan dan konsumsi protein hewani, pola asuh yang belum optimal dalam pengaturan jadwal makan dan pendampingan anak, serta kondisi sosial ekonomi keluarga yang membatasi kemampuan dalam menyediakan makanan bergizi. Selain itu, faktor lingkungan seperti sanitasi tidak menjadi penyebab utama, meskipun masih ditemukan perilaku hidup bersih yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa stunting merupakan masalah multidimensional yang memerlukan intervensi terpadu melalui peningkatan literasi gizi orang tua dan pemanfaatan sumber pangan lokal.
PENDEKATAN HUMANISTIK GURU DALAM MENDORONG PARTISIPASI SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MAHARAH KALAM
Learning maharah kalām (Arabic speaking skills) is not solely related to the mastery of linguistic aspects but is also influenced by affective dimensions that shape students’ willingness to participate in oral communication. In classroom practice, language anxiety and fear of making mistakes often become major barriers, causing students to hesitate to speak despite having understood the material. This condition highlights the importance of pedagogical approaches that foster a psychologically safe and supportive learning environment. This study aims to analyze how a humanistic approach implemented by teachers contributes to enhancing students’ participation in maharah kalām learning. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design focusing on Arabic language learning at the senior Islamic high school level. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. The data were analyzed thematically through a coding process to identify patterns and meanings derived from participants’ experiences. The findings reveal that psychological safety, dialogic interaction between teachers and students, and well-structured classroom management are key factors in encouraging students to take linguistic risks and actively engage in oral communication. Student participation is influenced not only by instructional methods but also by the quality of pedagogical relationships established during the learning process. This study underscores the significance of a humanistic approach in Arabic language learning and contributes to strengthening the role of affective and relational dimensions in enhancing students’ communicative participation. ABSTRAK Pembelajaran maharah kalām dalam bahasa Arab tidak hanya berkaitan dengan penguasaan aspek linguistik, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh dimensi afektif yang menentukan keberanian siswa dalam berpartisipasi secara lisan. Dalam praktik pembelajaran di madrasah, kecemasan berbahasa dan kekhawatiran melakukan kesalahan sering menjadi hambatan yang menyebabkan siswa enggan berbicara, meskipun telah memahami materi. Kondisi ini menunjukkan pentingnya pendekatan pedagogis yang mampu menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang aman secara psikologis dan relasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontribusi pendekatan humanistik yang diterapkan guru dalam mendorong partisipasi siswa pada pembelajaran maharah kalām. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus pada pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di tingkat madrasah aliyah. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi kelas, dan analisis dokumen pembelajaran. Analisis data dilakukan secara tematik melalui proses pengkodean untuk mengidentifikasi pola makna dari pengalaman partisipan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasa aman psikologis, interaksi dialogis antara guru dan siswa, serta pengelolaan kelas yang terstruktur menjadi faktor utama dalam meningkatkan keberanian siswa untuk berpartisipasi. Partisipasi siswa tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh metode pembelajaran, tetapi juga oleh kualitas relasi pedagogis yang dibangun dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan humanistik dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab serta memberikan kontribusi pada penguatan dimensi afektif dan relasional sebagai faktor kunci dalam meningkatkan partisipasi komunikatif siswa.
PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI MULTIKULTURAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PPKn UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SIKAP TOLERANSI SISWA DI SMK NEGERI 1 GUNUNGSITOLI
ABSTRACT Cultural, religious, and social diversity within the school environment requires strengthening educational practices that foster students’ tolerance. The integration of multicultural values into Civic Education (Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan/PPKn) serves as a relevant strategy to achieve this goal. This study aims to describe the implementation of multicultural values in PPKn learning, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and analyze their impact on students’ attitudes of tolerance. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving PPKn teachers, the principal, and students at SMK Negeri 1 Gunungsitoli. The findings reveal that multicultural values are integrated through classroom discussions, heterogeneous group work, contextualizing materials within diverse social realities, and teacher role modeling in classroom interactions. School support and active teacher involvement emerged as key contributing factors, while time limitations and variations in students’ characteristics posed challenges. These findings confirm that multicultural value-based PPKn learning contributes to strengthening students’ tolerance and fostering a more inclusive and harmonious learning environment. ABSTRAK Keberagaman budaya, agama, dan sosial di lingkungan sekolah menuntut penguatan pendidikan yang mampu menumbuhkan sikap toleransi siswa. Integrasi nilai-nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn) menjadi salah satu strategi yang relevan untuk tujuan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan nilai-nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran PPKn, mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya, serta menganalisis dampaknya terhadap sikap toleransi siswa. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi terhadap guru PPKn, kepala sekolah, dan siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Gunungsitoli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai multikultural diintegrasikan melalui diskusi kelas, kerja kelompok heterogen, pengaitan materi dengan konteks keberagaman, serta keteladanan guru dalam interaksi pembelajaran. Dukungan sekolah dan peran aktif guru menjadi faktor utama keberhasilan, sementara keterbatasan waktu dan variasi karakter siswa menjadi kendala. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pembelajaran PPKn berbasis nilai multikultural berkontribusi dalam memperkuat sikap toleransi dan membangun lingkungan belajar yang inklusif serta harmonis.
PENGENDALIAN ORANG TUA DALAM PENGGUNAAN GADGET PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI KELURAHAN NGEDUKELU
This study aims to describe parental control in the use of gadgets among early childhood in Ngedukelu Village. The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. The subjects consisted of five parents who have children aged 4–6 years. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that parental control was implemented through limiting screen time, providing supervision, establishing rules, and diverting children’s activities to non-digital activities. Parents generally limited gadget use to around one hour per day or at certain times. Children who were accustomed to consistent rules showed more adaptive responses, while those without clear limitations tended to exhibit negative reactions. Gadgets functioned as both entertainment and educational media, depending on parenting patterns. In conclusion, consistent parental control plays an important role in optimizing the benefits of gadget use while minimizing its negative impacts. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengendalian orang tua dalam penggunaan gadget pada anak usia dini di Kelurahan Ngedukelu. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari lima orang tua yang memiliki anak usia 4–6 tahun. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara semi-terstruktur, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian orang tua dilakukan melalui pembatasan waktu penggunaan gadget, pendampingan, pemberian aturan, serta pengalihan aktivitas ke kegiatan non-digital. Orang tua umumnya membatasi penggunaan sekitar satu jam per hari atau pada waktu tertentu. Anak yang dibiasakan dengan aturan konsisten menunjukkan respons yang lebih adaptif, sedangkan anak tanpa batasan yang jelas cenderung menunjukkan reaksi negatif. Penggunaan gadget berfungsi sebagai media hiburan dan pembelajaran, bergantung pada pola pengasuhan orang tua. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian orang tua yang konsisten sangat penting dalam mengoptimalkan manfaat gadget serta meminimalkan dampak negatif.
FROM READINESS TO PRACTICE: EXPLORING GENAI AS AN ACADEMIC COUNSELING TOOL AMONG VOCATIONAL EFL TEACHERS
ABSTRACT The rapid development of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) technology has brought significant changes to instructional practices and academic services in vocational education settings. This study aims to explore the functions of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) utilized by English teachers in vocational schools in supporting instructional practices and academic counseling, particularly professional practices that go beyond the readiness indicators outlined in the Readiness for Artificial Intelligence Application Scale (RAIS). This study employed a mixed-method sequential explanatory design, using a RAIS-based questionnaire for quantitative data collection and semi-structured interviews for qualitative data collection. The quantitative data were analyzed descriptively to determine teachers’ readiness levels, while the qualitative data were examined through thematic analysis to gain deeper insights into the use of GenAI in professional practice. The results indicate that teachers are categorized as “ready” for GenAI utilization, reflecting an adequate level of competence to integrate GenAI into practical, pedagogical, and ethical aspects of English language teaching. Furthermore, the thematic findings reveal that GenAI functions not only as an instructional support tool but also as an academic support tool, serving as a reflective partner, decision-making aid, assessment design facilitator, and learning data management tool. These findings highlight the evolving role of GenAI in supporting teachers’ reflective practices, pedagogical decision-making, and professional development. This study suggests the importance of practice-oriented training and the development of more comprehensive technology readiness frameworks that incorporate reflective and data-informed teaching practices. ABSTRAK Perkembangan pesat teknologi Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam praktik pembelajaran dan layanan akademik di lingkungan pendidikan vokasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi fungsi penggunaan Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) oleh guru bahasa Inggris di sekolah vokasi dalam mendukung praktik pembelajaran dan konseling akademik, khususnya praktik profesional yang melampaui indikator kesiapan yang tercantum dalam Readiness for Artificial Intelligence Application Scale (RAIS). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain mixed-method dengan pendekatan sequential explanatory, dengan kuesioner berbasis RAIS sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data kuantitatif dan wawancara semi-terstruktur sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data kualitatif. Data kuantitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menentukan tingkat kesiapan guru, sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai penggunaan GenAI dalam praktik profesional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru termasuk dalam kategori “siap” dalam penggunaan GenAI, yang mencerminkan tingkat kompetensi yang memadai untuk mengintegrasikan GenAI ke dalam aspek praktis, pedagogis, dan etis dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. Selain itu, temuan tematik mengungkapkan bahwa GenAI tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai alat pendukung pembelajaran, tetapi juga sebagai alat pendukung akademik, yang berperan sebagai mitra reflektif, pendukung pengambilan keputusan, fasilitator perancangan asesmen, serta alat pengelolaan data pembelajaran. Temuan ini menegaskan peran GenAI yang semakin berkembang dalam mendukung praktik reflektif guru, pengambilan keputusan pedagogis, serta pengembangan profesional. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya pelatihan yang berorientasi pada praktik serta pengembangan kerangka kesiapan teknologi yang lebih komprehensif, yang mencakup praktik pembelajaran reflektif dan berbasis data.
TAZKIYATUN NAFS DALAM AL-QUR`AN: PENDIDIKAN JIWA DAN PEMBENTUKAN MORAL SERTA RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP TERAPI SPIRITUAL DI ERA DISRUPSI
The era of disruption is characterized by technological acceleration, social transformation, and psychological pressures that contribute to increased anxiety, stress, and a crisis of spiritual meaning across various segments of society. In this context, tazkiyatun nafs (spiritual purification/education of the soul) in the Qur’an offers a strong spiritual foundation with potential as a psychospiritual therapeutic framework. This study aims to analyze the concept of tazkiyatun nafs in the Qur’an and examine its relevance to the development of spiritual therapy models in the era of disruption, while also identifying the position of this study within the research landscape of the last five years. This research employs a library research approach with thematic analysis of Qur’anic verses related to spiritual purification, combined with a systematic literature review of reputable international and national journals published between 2020–2025. The findings indicate that Qur’anic values such as takhalli, tahalli, and tajalli, along with the strengthening of practices such as muhasabah, patience, gratitude, and reliance on God (tawakkul), have strong relevance to contemporary spiritual therapy needs. However, the study also reveals a limited number of empirical studies that develop psychologically measurable spiritual therapy models based on tazkiyatun nafs. Therefore, this study offers novelty in the form of strengthening a conceptual framework that may be developed into a structured Qur’anic psychospiritual therapy model with the potential for integration into modern psychological approaches. Theoretically, this study enriches Islamic education and Islamic psychology discourse, while practically providing direction for developing relevant spiritual intervention strategies to address mental health challenges in the era of disruption. ABSTRAK Era disrupsi ditandai dengan percepatan teknologi, perubahan sosial, dan tekanan psikologis yang berimplikasi pada meningkatnya kecemasan, stres, serta krisis makna spiritual pada berbagai lapisan masyarakat. Dalam konteks ini, tazkiyatun nafs (pendidikan jiwa/penyucian diri) dalam Al-Qur’an menawarkan fondasi spiritual yang potensial sebagai terapi psikospiritual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep tazkiyatun nafs dalam Al-Qur’an dan mengkaji relevansinya terhadap pengembangan model terapi spiritual di era disrupsi, sekaligus mengidentifikasi posisi penelitian ini dalam peta riset lima tahun terakhir. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan library research dengan analisis tematik terhadap ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an terkait penyucian jiwa, dikombinasikan dengan systematic literature review jurnal internasional dan nasional bereputasi periode 2020–2025. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai Qur’ani seperti takhalli, tahalli, dan tajalli serta penguatan muhasabah, sabar, syukur, dan tawakkal memiliki relevansi kuat dengan kebutuhan terapi spiritual modern. Namun, temuan juga menunjukkan masih terbatasnya penelitian empiris yang mengembangkan model terapi spiritual berbasis tazkiyatun nafs yang terukur secara psikologis. Karena itu, penelitian ini menawarkan novelty berupa penguatan kerangka konseptual yang dapat dikembangkan menjadi model terapi psikospiritual Qur’ani terstruktur dan berpotensi diintegrasikan dengan pendekatan psikologi modern. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memperkaya kajian pendidikan Islam dan psikologi Islam, sedangkan secara praktis memberikan arah pengembangan intervensi spiritual yang relevan dengan problem mental masyarakat era disrupsi.
MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA BERORIENTASI PADA PENDIDIKAN BERKUALITAS DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN MASYARAKAT
ABSTRACT Community education plays an important role in improving the quality of human resources through participatory and empowerment-oriented learning processes. However, many community education programs still face challenges in human resource management, particularly related to competence, professionalism, and the effectiveness of managing educators and program administrators. This condition indicates that human resource management is a strategic factor in supporting the realization of quality education. This study aims to analyze human resource management oriented toward quality education from the perspective of community education. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a literature study method. Data were obtained through the review of various relevant sources, including books, scientific journals, and research articles related to human resource management, quality education, and community education. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis techniques to identify and synthesize concepts related to human resource management in community education. The results of the study indicate that human resource management plays a significant role in improving educational quality through workforce planning, competency development, community participation, and the strengthening of motivation and professional development. Therefore, well-planned and sustainable human resource management becomes an important foundation for realizing community education that is relevant, participatory, and beneficial. ABSTRAK Pendidikan masyarakat berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia melalui proses pembelajaran yang partisipatif dan berorientasi pada pemberdayaan. Namun, berbagai program pendidikan masyarakat masih menghadapi kendala dalam pengelolaan sumber daya manusia, terutama terkait kompetensi, profesionalisme, dan efektivitas pengelolaan tenaga pendidik maupun pengelola program. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa manajemen sumber daya manusia menjadi faktor strategis dalam mendukung terwujudnya pendidikan yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manajemen sumber daya manusia yang berorientasi pada pendidikan berkualitas dalam perspektif pendidikan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kepustakaan. Data diperoleh melalui penelusuran berbagai sumber literatur yang relevan, seperti buku, jurnal ilmiah, dan artikel penelitian yang berkaitan dengan manajemen sumber daya manusia, pendidikan berkualitas, dan pendidikan masyarakat. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis isi untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis berbagai konsep yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan sumber daya manusia dalam pendidikan masyarakat. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen sumber daya manusia berperan penting dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan melalui perencanaan kebutuhan tenaga, pengembangan kompetensi, pemberdayaan peran masyarakat, serta penguatan motivasi dan pembinaan profesional. Dengan demikian, pengelolaan sumber daya manusia yang terencana dan berkelanjutan menjadi landasan penting dalam mewujudkan pendidikan masyarakat yang relevan, partisipatif, dan berdaya guna.
ANALISIS GAYA BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR SEBAGAI DASAR PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI BERBASIS ETNO KALIMANTAN
The diversity of student characteristics, especially learning styles, is an element that teachers should pay attention to when planning learning with a differentiated approach. This research leads to the identification of the learning styles of class V students and describes the application of ethnic Kalimantan differentiated learning in mathematics subjects. The research site was conducted at SDN Cindai Alus 1 Martapura with the research subjects of students in classes VA, VB, and VC. The approach used in this study uses quantitative with a descriptive method. In the data collection process, the researcher used VAK (visual, auditory, and kinesthetic) instruments to reveal the learning styles of students. The findings of the study show that each individual has a tendency to have different learning styles, with a tendency to dominate auditory learning styles. The identification results are used as a basis for implementing differentiated learning. Teachers use different learning methods and media such as videos and flascards for visual students, lecture and discussion methods for auditory students, and the use of geoboard media for kinesthetic students. In his learning, the concept of building flat is integrated with culture, namely Kalimantan food as a form of learning based on Kalimantan Ethno. The existence of learning style mapping can be the basis for determining differentiated learning strategies combined with local culture so as to provide a varied, contextual and meaningful learning experience for elementary school students
IMPLEMENTASI KOMPETENSI KEPRIBADIAN GURU UNTUK PENGUATAN KARAKTER TOLERANSI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SISWA
This study aims to analyze the implementation of teachers’ personality competence in strengthening students’ character of tolerance in the learning process, the supporting and inhibiting factors of its implementation, as well as its impact on students’ attitudes, the learning environment, and students’ social relationships at SD Negeri Yokobak, Lanny Jaya Regency, Papua Highlands Province. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study design. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The research informants consisted of the principal, teachers, students, and parents. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with data validity ensured through source and technique triangulation. The findings indicate that teachers’ personality competence reflecting a stable, mature, wise, authoritative, and morally upright character has been concretely implemented in both classroom learning and school life. This implementation contributes to the development of students’ tolerant attitudes, the creation of a safe and inclusive learning environment, and the establishment of harmonious social relationships among students. The main supporting factors include teachers’ role modeling and consistency, support from the principal, and a school culture oriented toward tolerance values. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include limited facilities, lack of teacher training, differences in family backgrounds, and the socio-economic conditions of students’ environments. The conclusion of this study confirms that teachers’ personality competence plays a strategic role in strengthening students’ character of tolerance. These findings provide important implications for strengthening character education practices in primary schools and serve as a foundation for policy development and further research related to tolerance education in multicultural regions.
LONELINESS SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR ACADEMIC BURNOUT PADA MAHASISWA PERANTAU DI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG
Migrant student face unique academic and psychological challenges, particularly loneliness. Loneliness is often a hidden struggle that negatively affects academic engagement and well-being, and when prolonged, may lead to academic burnout. Academic burnout is associated with decreased academic performance, loss of motivation, increased dropout risk, and long-term mental health problems. This study aims to examine loneliness as a predictor of academic burnout among migrant students at Semarang State University. Using a quantitative approach, survey data were collected from 298 students through Google Forms, with sample size determined using G-Power analysis. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression. The results indicate that loneliness has a significant positive effect on academic burnout, explaining 27.5% of its variance (R² = 0.275). No significant differences in burnout were found based on gender or organizational involvement. These findings confirm loneliness as a significant predictor of academic burnout and contribute to the understanding of migrant students’ academic experiences in the Indonesian context.
INDONESIAN EFL TEACHERS’ TRAINING NEEDS AND PERCEPTIONS OF CONTEMPORARY ELT APPROACHES
This study aims to analyze English teachers’ experiences in participating in in-service training and identify their training needs related to contemporary English language learnng approaches. Teacher professional development is a crucial factor in improving the quality of learning, particulary in facing the 21st century, which emphasizes learning using communicative, collaborative approaches, and the use of technology in the teaching and learning process. This study employed a quantitative approach with a survey method and involved English teachers as research respondents. Research data were collected using a questionnaire designed to obtain information related to teacher training experiences, training providers, training needs, and teachers’ level of knowledge regarding various contemporary English language learning approaches. The obtained data were tan analyzed descriptively to describe the training conditions and teachers’ profesional development needs. The results of this study indicate that English teachers’ participation in training is still relatively limited, even though the training is organized by various institutions, In addition, teachers alo demonstrated a high need for training on contemporary learning approaches, paticularly those related to the use of technology in English language learnig. The findings of this study indicate that teachers have a fairly good level of knowledge of several approaches, such as Project-Based learning, Student-Centered Approach, Task-Based Language teachng, although their understanding of technology-based approaches is still relatively low. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of providing more systematic, sustainable, and relevant teacher training programs that are aligned with learning needs.
THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTING INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING ON EFL STUDENTS’ WRITTING DEVELOPMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Writing is considered one of the most complex skills in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts as it requires both linguistic competence and higher-order thinking skills; however, many students still face difficulties due to limited vocabulary, lack of ideas, and teacher-centered instructional approaches. To address these challenges, Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) has been proposed as an alternative approach that promotes active learning through questioning, investigation, and reflection. This study aims to synthesize previous research on the implementation of IBL in EFL writing instruction and its impact on students’ writing development. This study employed a structured narrative literature review by analyzing 29 selected articles published between 2019 and 2025 from various academic databases, including Google Scholar, ERIC, DOAJ, and SINTA-indexed journals. The findings indicate that IBL has a positive impact on students’ writing development, particularly in terms of idea generation, text organization, coherence, language accuracy, and overall writing quality. In addition, IBL enhances student engagement in the learning process and fosters critical thinking skills that support argument construction in writing. Despite these benefits, variations in research contexts and the predominance of short-term studies limit the generalizability of the findings. Therefore, Inquiry-Based Learning demonstrates strong potential as an effective instructional approach for improving writing skills in EFL contexts and is recommended for further investigation in broader contexts and over longer periods of time.
TANTANGAN DAN STRATEGI IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI PADA SISWA ATLET PUSAT PENDIDIKAN DAN LATIHAN OLAHRAGA PELAJAR (PPLOP) SMA
This study was motivated by the challenges teachers face in implementing differentiated instruction for student-athletes at the Student Sport and Training Center (PPLOP), who juggle dual roles in academics and athletic performance. The focus of this study is to explore in depth the challenges and strategies teachers use in applying differentiated instruction to student-athletes at PPLOP SMA Negeri 11 Semarang. This study employs a qualitative approach using a case study design. The research subjects consist of four subjects teachers and five student-athletes selected as purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted via interviews, observation, and document analysis. Data analysis utilized source triangulation through interactive model purposed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. The findings reveal two main results. First the challenges faced by teachers stem from cultural gaps between curriculum demands and the realities of student-athletes. These gaps manifest in three aspects: planning (student heterogenity, process (physical condition and attendance of student-athletes). Second in response this challenges, teachers developed adaptive strategies in the form of differentiation of content (simplification of material), process (flexibility of learning methods), and products (flexible assigment and examination system). The implementation of differentiation learning of student-athletes requires teachers to be innovators capable of bridging the gap between the ideal curriculum requirements and the realities of the ground. Sucsessful implementation will be achieved if systemic support in the form of flexible policies and collaboration among various stakeholders can be implemented simultaneously.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BERBASIS BUDAYA SEKOLAH
The implementation of Character Education Strengthening in remote areas is often hampered by geographic isolation and extreme limitations in physical facilities. This study focuses on the strategy of internalizing character values ​​through school culture at SD Inpres Malagai, Lanny Jaya Regency, Papua Mountains. The research steps used a qualitative approach with a case study design through data collection techniques in the form of participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of eleven key informants. Data were analyzed interactively including the stages of reduction, presentation, and systematic conclusion drawing. The research findings show that although the institution operates with a minimal ratio of only eight educators to serve 249 students without electricity, character formation continues to be effective through the method of teacher role models as a living curriculum. Religious values, integrity, and mutual cooperation have been successfully integrated harmoniously with the local wisdom of the Lani Tribe. Quantitatively, the limited learning space with only two units remaining in good condition does not hinder the routine of ten minutes of literacy before learning, although extracurricular activities are still hampered by regional security risks. The main conclusion of this study confirms that the strength of social capital and personal dedication of educators in the concept of resilience pedagogy is able to overcome infrastructure barriers in marginal areas to produce a generation of integrity without relying on modern technological facilities.
EFEKTIVITAS MANAJEMEN PROGRAM PARENTING TERHADAP KOLABORASI DAN KEPUASAN ORANG TUA DI PAUD
Optimal early childhood development requires strong synergy between parents and early childhood education institutions, although parenting program management still faces various challenges. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of parenting program management in strengthening collaboration between parents and early childhood education institutions and its implications for parental satisfaction. This study employed a mixed methods approach with an explanatory sequential design. Quantitative data were collected from 66 parents and 5 teachers through questionnaires, while qualitative data were obtained through interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The results indicate that parenting program management is categorized as highly effective (82,80% based on parents’ assessment; 84.60% based on teachers’ assessment). Systematic program management strengthens collaboration between schools and families, which contributes to increased parental satisfaction as a form of perceived program effectiveness. The novelty of this study lies in integrating program management, parent–institution collaboration, and parental satisfaction into a comprehensive evaluation framework, resulting in an applicable partnership-based parenting program management model.
ENHANCING PROFESSIONAL LEXICAL ACCURACY THROUGH SELF- AND PEER-ASSESSMENT IN PROJECT-BASED LEARNING: EVIDENCE FROM MICE EDUCATION
The investigation of the classroom-based action research revolves around self-assessment and peer-assessment and their significance in enhancing the lexical precision and diversity in students enrolled in the English class for MICE study program. The research is focused on the Assessment for Learning (AfL) framework and the country's Lexical Competence Theory. The students were allowed to communicate and express their ideas through various authentic tasks such as sales pitch presentations and event proposal pitching, all of which were designed within a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) context. Vocabulary assessment rubrics, self-reflection forms, and video recordings of students’ project presentations were used to gather data. The sequence of the research was split into two project cycles, facilitating continuous reflection and improvement. The result shows that through the use of self and peer assessments, students will not only become more conscious of their lexical choices and accuracy but also take charge of their learning. This research is significant for the domain of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), especially for MICE learning, since it shows how reflective assessment methods in PjBL can remarkably change the lexical skills and communicative confidence of students in professional scenarios.
PELIBATAN ORANG TUA DAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESIAPAN LULUSAN MENGHADAPI DUNIA KERJA
This study aims to analyze the involvement of parents and the community in vocational learning as an effort to enhance graduates’ readiness to enter the workforce at SMK Negeri 2 Tiom, Kabupaten Lanny Jaya. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving the principal, vocational teachers, parents, and community leaders. Data analysis was conducted thematically, referring to Joyce Epstein’s Parental Involvement Model, which includes the aspects of parenting, communicating, volunteering, learning at home, decision making, and collaborating with the community.The findings indicate that parental involvement occurs in the parenting aspect through everyday role modeling, such as discipline, responsibility, and work ethic, which are naturally instilled through family activities. Communication between the school and parents is carried out in a simple and contextual manner and is sufficiently effective in maintaining the continuity of values between home and school, although it is still constrained by language differences and limited access to communication technology. Parental participation in volunteering activities, assistance with learning at home, and involvement in school decision making remains situational and uneven; however, it still contributes to the development of students’ responsibility and independence.Collaboration among the school, community, and business or industrial sectors at SMK Negeri 2 Tiom relies primarily on local community potential due to limited access to formal industries in the mountainous region. The main supporting factors for involvement include strong social relationships and a shared sense of ownership of education, while the inhibiting factors consist of economic limitations, limited educational literacy, language differences, and minimal industrial networks. This study concludes that parental and community involvement is adaptive and contextual in nature and contributes significantly to the mental and social readiness of graduates to enter the workforce, although more sustainable strengthening strategies are still required.
PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN GURU SENI DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS TANTANGAN STRUKTURAL DAN MODEL PENGUATAN PROFESIONALISME
Teacher welfare is a key pillar of quality education, yet arts teachers in Indonesia still face significant structural challenges. This study aims to analyze these systemic barriers and formulate a strategic model for strengthening arts teacher professionalism. Using a qualitative approach with a conceptual-analytical design, this study conducted a literature review of various scientific articles and educational policy documents from the past decade. Content analysis techniques were used to identify patterns of relationships between the concepts of welfare and the arts ecosystem. The findings indicate that the marginal position of arts education in the curriculum, minimal school facilities, and low social recognition are factors that hinder welfare, impacting motivation and professional identity. In particular, unstable employment status contributes to the worsening economic conditions of educators. As a solution, this study offers a model for strengthening professional capital that integrates human, social, and decision-making dimensions through the development of artistic competencies and the expansion of creative community networks. The main conclusion emphasizes that improving arts teacher welfare requires inclusive systemic policy transformation, not simply financial incentives. The integration of pedagogical autonomy and strong institutional support is essential to strengthen the strategic position of art teachers as creative agents to support the sustainability of the quality of art education in Indonesia in a holistic and sustainable manner for the future of the nation by strengthening the pillars of a just, equitable, competitive, and comprehensive national culture.
PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM PENGUATAN LITERASI DASAR MEMBACA DAN MENULIS SISWA
This study aims to describe and analyze the role of parents in strengtheing basic literacy in reading and writing among students of SD YPPGI Dome, Lanny Jaya Regency, Highland Papua Province. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that parental involvement in strengthening basic literacy in reading and writing has not yet been optimal or evenly distributed. The study focuses on several aspects, including the role of parents as mentors, role models, facilitators, motivators, communicators, and providers of rewards and punishments, as well as the ssupporting and inhibiting factors and their impact on students’ basic literacy. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.The role of parents as mentors and role models remains limited and inconsistent, while their role as facilitators is constrained by minimal learning resources and environment, particularly the conditions of the honai and limited electricity. The role of parents as motivators has the strongest influence on students’ learning enthusiasm and self-confidence. Communication between parents and teachers is still insufficient and not continuous, whereas parents’ role as providers of rewards and punishments has been carried out but is not yet fully educational. The main supporting factors are direct guidance, structured learning time, and emotional support, while the inhibiting factors include parents’ busyness, parents’ educational background, limited facilities, economic and geographic conditions, and weak school–parent communication. This study contributes conceptually to family literacy practices in 3T areas, based on the socio-cultural context of Highland Papua.
EVALUASI KINERJA DOSEN OLEH MAHASISWA: ANALISIS PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TERHADAP MUTU PEMBELAJARAN DI PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN PERTANIAN LAHAN KERING
Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) is a fundamental internal quality assurance instrument in higher education systems. This study aims to: (1) analyze student perceptions of lecturer performance at the Dryland Agricultural Management (MPLK) Study Program, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang for the 2025/2026 academic period, based on 22 performance indicators; (2) identify strength dimensions and areas requiring improvement; and (3) formulate data-driven strategic recommendations for sustainable learning quality development. Data were collected through an online Likert-scale questionnaire (1-5) covering five dimensions: discipline, pedagogical competence, communication skills, technology utilization, and fairness in assessment. A total of 55 student respondents evaluated 14 lecturers. Descriptive analysis results show a grand mean of 4.74 (Very Good category), with 13 lecturers (92.9%) rated Very Good and 1 lecturer (7.1%) rated Good. The highest-rated indicators were teaching methods and ability to provide relevant examples (4.84), while the relatively lower indicators were schedule adherence (4.58) and educational technology utilization (4.65). These findings confirm that the study program maintains high and consistent pedagogical standards, yet requires further development in digital literacy and schedule discipline management. Recommendations include organizing regular digital competency workshops, establishing structured schedule communication mechanisms, developing peer learning programs based on best practices, and consistently implementing SET as an integral part of the quality assurance cycle.
ENHANCING EFL READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH CHUNKING STRATEGIES: CLASSROOM RESEARCH IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
ABSTRACT Indonesian vocational EFL students still have problems understanding reading materials. Students tend to base their understanding on word analysis and translation, which hinders their ability to read texts as a whole. This problem is particularly critical as students need to understand instructional and procedural texts for their work. This study aimed to apply the chunking strategy to improve students' reading comprehension in vocational EFL classes. Using the CAR method, which focuses on a group of vocational high school students, this study was conducted in a single cycle comprising four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Reading comprehension tests, classroom observations, and student reflection notes were used as data collection instruments. A significant improvement in students' reading comprehension, as evidenced by higher test scores, increased reading fluency, and changes in the reading process, which initially involved only looking at groups of words or phrases to construct meaning. Classroom observations showed an improvement in students' participation and confidence. Some students did not show their improvement, but their scores did not decline either. This condition shows that the strategy was quite effective in teaching them. The study was terminated at the end of cycle I because the teaching objectives had been achieved. This study provides practical evidence of the effectiveness and feasibility of the chunking strategy in improving reading comprehension in a vocational school setting. ABSTRAK Siswa EFL di sekolah kejuruan Indonesia masih mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami bahan bacaan. Siswa cenderung mendasarkan pemahaman mereka pada analisis kata dan terjemahan, yang menghambat kemampuan mereka untuk membaca teks secara menyeluruh. Masalah ini sangat kritis karena siswa perlu memahami teks instruksional dan prosedural untuk keperluan pekerjaan mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan strategi chunking guna meningkatkan pemahaman membaca siswa di kelas EFL sekolah kejuruan. Dengan menggunakan metode CAR, yang berfokus pada sekelompok siswa sekolah menengah kejuruan, penelitian ini dilakukan dalam satu siklus yang terdiri dari empat tahap: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Tes pemahaman bacaan, pengamatan kelas, dan catatan refleksi siswa digunakan sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data. Terjadi peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman bacaan siswa, yang dibuktikan dengan nilai tes yang lebih tinggi, peningkatan kelancaran membaca, dan perubahan dalam proses membaca, yang awalnya hanya melibatkan melihat kelompok kata atau frasa untuk membangun makna. Pengamatan kelas menunjukkan peningkatan partisipasi dan kepercayaan diri siswa. Beberapa siswa tidak menunjukkan peningkatan, namun skor mereka juga tidak menurun. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi tersebut cukup efektif dalam mengajar mereka. Penelitian ini dihentikan pada akhir siklus I karena tujuan pembelajaran telah tercapai. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti praktis mengenai efektivitas dan kelayakan strategi chunking dalam meningkatkan pemahaman bacaan di lingkungan sekolah kejuruan.
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN DANA BANTUAN OPERASIONAL PENDIDIKAN (BOP) DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PEMBELAJARAN
ABSTRACT The effective and accountable management of School Operational Assistance Funds (BOP) is a crucial factor in improving the quality of learning in Early Childhood Education (PAUD). Proper utilization of funds not only supports the provision of facilities and infrastructure but also enhances teacher competence and fosters learning innovation in accordance with the developmental needs of young children. However, BOP fund management still faces challenges related to transparency, efficiency, and optimal use of resources. This study aims to analyze the management of BOP funds in improving learning quality at TK Al Hikmah Islamic School. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving the principal, treasurer, teachers, and school committee. The findings indicate that BOP fund management has been implemented in accordance with the principles of transparency, accountability, and efficiency through participatory planning, STEAM-based implementation, teacher training, and regular evaluation. Overall, BOP fund management contributes significantly to improving learning quality and needs to be strengthened through financial digitalization and monitoring based on the Plan-Do-Check-Action (PDCA) cycle. ABSTRAK Pentingnya pengelolaan dana Bantuan Operasional Pendidikan (BOP) yang efektif dan akuntabel merupakan faktor penting dalam meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran pada satuan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Pemanfaatan dana yang tepat tidak hanya mendukung penyediaan sarana prasarana, tetapi juga meningkatkan kompetensi pendidik dan inovasi pembelajaran sesuai kebutuhan anak usia dini. Namun, pengelolaan dana BOP masih menghadapi tantangan terkait transparansi, efisiensi, dan optimalisasi penggunaan dana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengelolaan dana BOP dalam meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran di TK Al Hikmah Islamic School. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi yang melibatkan kepala sekolah, bendahara, guru, dan komite sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan dana BOP telah sesuai prinsip transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan efisiensi melalui perencanaan partisipatif, pelaksanaan berbasis STEAM, pelatihan guru, serta evaluasi berkala. Secara keseluruhan, pengelolaan dana BOP berkontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan mutu pembelajaran dan perlu diperkuat melalui digitalisasi keuangan dan monitoring berbasis PDCA.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN LAYANAN KHUSUS DALAM MENDUKUNG KEMAMPUAN AKADEMIK DAN NON AKADEMIK PESERTA
ABSTRACT The importance of managing special services in vocational schools lies in its strategic role in supporting the balanced development of students’ academic and non-academic competencies. In practice, the success of these services is largely determined by management that is well-planned, well-organized, and responsive to students’ needs, both in learning processes and in the development of interests and talents. Therefore, this study aims to describe the management of special services in supporting students’ academic and non-academic abilities at SMK Negeri 3 Mataram. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews involving six informants: the principal, vice principal for student affairs, vice principal for curriculum, extracurricular advisor, guidance and counseling teacher, and students. The findings indicate that the management of special services has been implemented collaboratively through planning meetings outlined in the School Activity and Budget Plan (RKAS), funded by the School Operational Assistance (BOS). Academic services are supported by modern facilities such as Smart TVs (IFP) in laboratories, while non-academic services are facilitated through various extracurricular activities. The implementation of these services has shown positive impacts, as reflected in students’ achievements at the national, city, and provincial levels. However, the implementation still faces challenges, including limited flexibility of the RKAS budget for incidental needs and the dual workload borne by some supervisors, which affects the overall optimization of services. ABSTRAK Pentingnya pengelolaan layanan khusus di sekolah kejuruan sebagai upaya strategis dalam mendukung pengembangan kemampuan akademik dan non-akademik peserta didik secara seimbang. Dalam praktiknya, keberhasilan layanan tersebut sangat ditentukan oleh manajemen yang terencana, terorganisasi, dan responsif terhadap kebutuhan siswa, baik dalam bidang pembelajaran maupun pengembangan minat dan bakat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan manajemen layanan khusus dalam mendukung kemampuan akademik dan non-akademik peserta didik di SMK Negeri 3 Mataram. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam terhadap enam informan, yaitu Kepala Sekolah, Wakil Kepala Sekolah Bidang Kesiswaan, Wakil Kepala Sekolah Bidang Kurikulum, Pembina Ekstrakurikuler, Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling, serta siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen layanan khusus telah dilaksanakan secara kolaboratif melalui perencanaan dalam rapat kerja yang dituangkan dalam RKAS bersumber dari dana BOS. Pelaksanaan layanan akademik didukung oleh fasilitas modern seperti Smart TV (IFP) di laboratorium, sementara layanan non-akademik difasilitasi melalui berbagai kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Implementasi layanan ini memberikan dampak positif yang ditunjukkan melalui berbagai prestasi siswa di tingkat nasional, kota, dan provinsi. Namun demikian, pelaksanaan layanan masih menghadapi kendala berupa keterbatasan fleksibilitas anggaran RKAS untuk kebutuhan insidental serta beban tugas ganda pada beberapa pembina, yang memengaruhi optimalisasi layanan secara keseluruhan.
ANALISIS MUBTADA’ DAN KHOBAR DALAM KITAB SAFINATUN NAJA KARYA SYAIKH SALIM BIN SUMAIR AL-HADROMY
This study aims to analyze the syntactic structure and semantic implications of mubtada’ and khabar in fiqh texts, particularly in the book Safīnatun Naja by Syaikh Salim bin Sumair Al-Hadrami. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach based on library research, utilizing content analysis techniques that integrate syntactic and semantic analysis. The data consist of sentences containing mubtada’ and khabar structures, comprising a total of 182 instances of mubtada’ and 183 instances of khabar. The findings reveal that mubtada’ is predominantly realized in the form of isim ẓāhir (178 instances), followed by 4 instances of ḍamīr, 1 instance of maḥżūf, and 2 instances of mubtada’ mu’akhkhar. Meanwhile, khabar is dominated by the mufrad form (158 instances), followed by 15 instances of syibh jumlah and 10 instances of jumlah fi‘liyah, with no occurrence of jumlah ismiyyah. In addition, the influence of nawāsikh is identified, including kāna wa akhwātuhā (30 instances) and inna wa akhwātuhā (3 instances), which affect the i‘rāb structure of sentences. Semantically, the variation in khabar forms reflects differences in meaning, such as processual meaning in jumlah fi‘liyah, limitation in negative constructions, and contextual meaning in syibh jumlah. These findings indicate that the structure of mubtada’ and khabar functions not only as a grammatical component but also plays a significant role in constructing and clarifying legal meaning in fiqh texts. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur sintaksis dan implikasi semantik mubtada’ dan khabar dalam teks fikih, khususnya dalam kitab Safīnatun Naja karya Syaikh Salim bin Sumair Al-Hadrami. menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif berbasis penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan teknik analisis isi yang mengintegrasikan analisis sintaksis dan semantik. Data berupa kalimat-kalimat yang mengandung struktur mubtada’ dan khabar, dengan total 182 data mubtada dan 183 data khabar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mubtada’ didominasi oleh isim ẓahir sebanyak 178 data, diikuti 4 data ḍamīr, 1 data maḥżūf, dan 2 data mubtada mu’akhkhar. Sementara itu, khabar didominasi oleh bentuk mufrad sebanyak 158 data, diikuti 15 data syibh jumlah dan 10 data jumlah fi‘liyah, serta tidak ditemukan khabar jumlah ismiyyah. Selain itu, ditemukan pengaruh nawāsikh berupa kāna wa akhwātuhā (30 data) dan inna wa akhwātuhā (3 data) yang memengaruhi struktur i‘rāb kalimat. Secara semantik, variasi bentuk khabar menunjukkan perbedaan makna, seperti makna proses pada jumlah fi‘liyah, pembatasan pada struktur negasi, serta makna kontekstual pada syibh jumlah. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa struktur mubtada’ dan khabar tidak hanya berfungsi secara gramatikal, tetapi juga berperan penting dalam membentuk dan memperjelas makna hukum dalam teks fikih.
PARADOKS DIGITALISASI ADMINISTRASI PENDIDIKAN PADA GURU SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Digital transformation within the education system is expected to improve administrative efficiency and the quality of learning; however, in practice, it has instead given rise to new dynamics regarding teachers’ workloads. This study aims to analyse the impact of the digitalisation of educational administration on teachers’ professionalism using the Pedagogical Content Knowledge perspective. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach and is based at SMP Negeri 1 Kanor, Bojonegoro Regency. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with research subjects selected through purposive sampling, involving teachers with diverse age and experience backgrounds. The results indicate that the digitalisation of administration increases teachers’ workload, primarily due to a lack of digital literacy and training, as well as the complexity of digital reporting systems. High administrative burdens result in teachers having reduced focus on instructional development. Furthermore, competence-building activities through online training tend to be merely a formality and have not yet contributed optimally to supporting pedagogical practice. This situation gives rise to an imbalance in mental workload, characterised by an overload in fulfilling administrative tasks and a decline in pedagogical activities within the classroom. Furthermore, competency development activities through online training tend to be formal and have not optimally contributed to supporting pedagogical practice. This condition gives rise to an unbalanced mental workload, namely an overload on fulfilling administrative tasks and a decrease in pedagogical activities in the classroom. Therefore, a restructuring of the teacher work system is needed to reduce the administrative burden, strengthen activities that support the development of Pedagogical Content Knowledge, and design proportional training and competency development. ABSTRAK Transformasi digital dalam sistem pendidikan diharapkan mampu meningkatkan efisiensi administrasi dan kualitas pembelajaran, namun dalam praktiknya justru menimbulkan dinamika baru terkait beban kerja guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak digitalisasi administrasi pendidikan terhadap profesionalisme guru dengan menggunakan perspektif Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan lokasi di SMP Negeri 1 Kanor, Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan subjek penelitian ditentukan secara purposive, melibatkan guru dengan latar belakang usia dan pengalaman yang beragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa digitalisasi administrasi meningkatkan beban kerja guru, terutama disebabkan minimnya literasi digital dan pelatihan, serta kompleksitas sistem pelaporan digital. Beban administratif yang tinggi berdampak pada berkurangnya fokus guru terhadap pengembangan pembelajaran. Selain itu, kegiatan pengembangan kompetensi melalui pelatihan daring cenderung bersifat formalitas dan belum berkontribusi optimal dalam mendukung praktik pedagogis. Kondisi ini memunculkan fenomena mental workload yang tidak seimbang, yaitu overload pada pemenuhan tugas administrasi dan menurunnya pada aktivitas pedagogis pembelajaran di kelas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penataan kebijakan yang lebih proporsional melalui pengurangan beban administratif, penguatan pelatihan, serta pengembangan model pembelajaran campuran guna mendukung optimalisasi kualitas pembelajaran.
GENEALOGI KUASA DAN PENGETAHUAN: DEKONSTRUKSI PERAN MADRASAH SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN HEGEMONI IDEOLOGI NEGARA PADA MASA DINASTI ABBASIYAH
The struggle between educational institutions and political power structures is a historical phenomenon that demands a critical reading of the power-knowledge relationship within the classical Islamic civilizational tradition. This research aims to deconstruct the role of the madrasah as an instrument of state ideological hegemony during the Abbasid Dynasty. Utilizing a qualitative-historical design with a Foucauldian genealogical approach, this study uncovers how the madrasah was operated as a discursive apparatus to produce a "regime of truth". Data were sourced from a corpus of primary texts, including classical Arabic manuscripts, waqfiyah documents, and prosopographical analysis of scholarly biographies. The research findings indicate that: (1) the institutionalization of the madrasah, particularly the Nizamiyah network, functioned as a technology of power to consolidate Sunni orthodoxy and eliminate alternative narratives; (2) the system of waqf patronage and the bureaucratization of the ijazah created a structural dependence of the ulema on the state, thereby limiting intellectual autonomy ; and (3) there were dynamics of resistance from alternative institutions, such as Sufi ribats, which offered spiritual autonomy outside of state hegemonic control. This research concludes that the madrasah was not merely a neutral institution for knowledge transmission, but rather a technology of governmentality that regulated religious subjects to align with the state’s political agenda. The implications of this study offer a critical framework for the analysis of the politics of knowledge within contemporary Islamic educational institutions. ABSTRAK Pergumulan antara institusi pendidikan dan struktur kekuasaan politik merupakan fenomena historis yang menuntut pembacaan kritis terhadap relasi kuasa-pengetahuan dalam tradisi peradaban Islam klasik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendekonstruksi peran madrasah sebagai instrumen hegemoni ideologi negara pada masa Dinasti Abbasiyah. Dengan menggunakan desain kualitatif-historis dan pendekatan genealogi Foucauldian, studi ini membongkar bagaimana madrasah dioperasikan sebagai aparatus diskursif untuk memproduksi "rezim kebenaran". Data bersumber dari korpus teks primer seperti manuskrip Arab klasik, dokumen waqfiyah, serta analisis prosopografis terhadap biografi ulama. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) institusionalisasi madrasah, khususnya jaringan Nizamiyah, berfungsi sebagai teknologi kekuasaan untuk mengonsolidasi ortodoksi Sunni dan mengeliminasi narasi alternatif; (2) sistem patronase wakaf dan birokratisasi ijazah menciptakan ketergantungan struktural ulama terhadap negara yang membatasi otonomi intelektual; dan (3) terdapat dinamika resistensi dari institusi alternatif seperti ribat sufi yang menawarkan otonomi spiritual di luar kontrol hegemonik negara. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa madrasah bukan sekadar lembaga transmisi pengetahuan netral, melainkan teknologi governmentality yang mengatur subjek religius agar selaras dengan agenda politik negara. Implikasi studi ini menawarkan kerangka kritis bagi analisis politik pengetahuan dalam institusi pendidikan Islam kontemporer.
SCREENING TINGKAT KECEMASAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN TATAP MUKA PASCA PANDEMI COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted not only educational processes but also the psychological well-being of children, particularly during the transition back to face-to-face learning. This study aimed to analyze anxiety levels among elementary school children during post-pandemic face-to-face learning at SD Negeri 1 and SD Negeri 2 Tanjung Benoa. A descriptive analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted, and participants were recruited using total sampling based on the inclusion criteria. Anxiety was assessed using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS). The findings revealed that nearly all respondents experienced anxiety upon returning to school, with 101 of 104 fourth-grade students and 98 of 100 fifth-grade students identified as anxious. The most dominant anxiety subtype was fear of injury or infection, reported in 98 fourth-grade students and 88 fifth-grade students, whereas separation anxiety and fear of meeting many people were found in much lower proportions. These findings suggest that children’s post-pandemic anxiety is more strongly mediated by perceived health threats than by social concerns. The study concludes that the success of post-pandemic face-to-face learning is determined not only by academic and administrative readiness, but also by children’s psychological preparedness. Therefore, early screening and school-based promotive-preventive interventions are needed to support sustainable recovery of children’s mental health. ABSTRAK Pandemi COVID-19 tidak hanya mengganggu proses pendidikan, tetapi juga memunculkan dampak psikologis yang bermakna pada anak, terutama saat transisi kembali ke pembelajaran tatap muka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kecemasan anak sekolah dasar pada pembelajaran tatap muka pasca pandemi di SD Negeri 1 dan SD Negeri 2 Tanjung Benoa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang (cross-sectional). Sampel diambil dengan teknik total sampling terhadap siswa yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengukuran kecemasan dilakukan menggunakan Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh responden mengalami kecemasan saat kembali ke sekolah, dengan proporsi 101 dari 104 siswa kelas 4 dan 98 dari 100 siswa kelas 5 teridentifikasi cemas. Jenis kecemasan yang paling dominan adalah kecemasan terhadap cedera atau infeksi, yaitu pada 98 siswa kelas 4 dan 88 siswa kelas 5, sedangkan kecemasan perpisahan dan kecemasan bertemu banyak orang ditemukan dalam proporsi yang jauh lebih rendah. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kecemasan anak pada fase pasca pandemi lebih banyak dimediasi oleh persepsi ancaman terhadap kesehatan dibandingkan aspek sosial. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan pembelajaran tatap muka pasca pandemi tidak cukup ditentukan oleh kesiapan akademik dan administratif sekolah, tetapi juga oleh kesiapan psikologis anak. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan integrasi skrining dini dan intervensi promotif-preventif berbasis sekolah untuk mendukung pemulihan kesehatan mental anak secara berkelanjutan.
ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL LITERACY LEVEL OF PHYSICS EDUCATION STUDENTS AT STKIP DDI PINRANG
This study aims to identify the types of digital literacy and measure the level of digital literacy among students of the Physics Education Study Program at STKIP DDI Pinrang. The study employed a quantitative approach using descriptive statistical analysis. The population consisted of all 103 students of the Physics Education Study Program, with samples selected through probability sampling techniques. The research was conducted in September 2024 at STKIP Darud Da’wah wal Irsyad Pinrang. The research instrument was a closed-ended questionnaire using a Likert scale, which had been tested for validity using the Product Moment method and for reliability. Data analysis was carried out through three stages: editing, scoring, and tabulating. The results indicate that the overall level of students’ digital literacy falls into the “very good” category, suggesting that prospective physics teachers at STKIP DDI Pinrang possess adequate digital literacy skills. The highest score was found in the social-emotional dimension, reaching 75%. In terms of technology access, mobile phones are the most frequently used devices, supported mainly by cellular data and limited Wi-Fi access, while email and social media platforms are the most commonly accessed online media. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis literasi digital yang dimiliki sekaligus menilai tingkat literasi digital mahasiswa pada Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika di STKIP DDI Pinrang. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif. Subjek penelitian mencakup seluruh mahasiswa program studi tersebut yang berjumlah 103 orang, dengan penentuan sampel dilakukan melalui teknik probability sampling. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan pada September 2024 di STKIP Darud Da’wah wal Irsyad Pinrang. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan menggunakan angket tertutup berbasis skala Likert yang sebelumnya telah melalui proses pengujian kualitas instrumen, meliputi uji validitas dengan teknik korelasi Product Moment serta uji reliabilitas. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu editing, pemberian skor (scoring), dan tabulasi (tabulating). Secara umum, hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa literasi digital mahasiswa berada pada tingkat yang sangat baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat literasi digital mahasiswa secara umum berada pada kategori sangat baik. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa mahasiswa calon guru fisika telah memiliki kemampuan literasi digital yang memadai. Dimensi sosial-emosional menjadi aspek dengan capaian tertinggi, yaitu sebesar 75%. Dari sisi akses teknologi, perangkat yang paling banyak digunakan adalah telepon seluler dengan dukungan data seluler dan akses Wi-Fi yang terbatas, sementara media digital yang paling sering dimanfaatkan adalah email dan platform media sosial.
PENGETAHUAN KADER TENTANG STUNTING DAN KEMAMPUAN DETEKSI DINI BALITA STUNTING: PENDEKATAN CROSS-SECTIONAL
Indonesia’s national development agenda set a stunting prevalence target of 14% by 2024, positioning it as a critical public health priority aimed at fostering optimal human development from the earliest stages of life. Strengthening the role of community health cadres has been identified as a central strategy, encompassing health education delivery, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and more effective execution of stunting prevention initiatives. This research was conducted to examine the association between cadres’ knowledge regarding stunting and their proficiency in conducting early identification of stunting cases among toddlers. A cross-sectional approach was adopted, with 40 participants recruited according to established inclusion criteria, and the Spearman Rank correlation test was applied to evaluate the degree of association between the study variables. Results revealed a statistically significant positive correlation, with a coefficient of 0.572 placing the relationship in the moderate strength category. This finding underscores that cadres’ early detection proficiency is substantially shaped by the quality and quantity of information they receive, emphasizing the need for sustained educational interventions and comprehensive resource provision. ABSTRAK Pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan target penurunan prevalensi stunting menjadi 14% dalam RPJMN 2024 sebagai bagian dari upaya strategis peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia sejak dini. Penguatan peran kader posyandu menjadi salah satu pilar utama dalam implementasi program tersebut, mencakup fungsi edukasi, pemodelan perilaku hidup sehat, dan pelaksanaan kegiatan pencegahan stunting di tingkat komunitas. Studi ini dirancang untuk mengkaji keterkaitan antara kapasitas pengetahuan kader dan kecakapan mereka dalam mengidentifikasi stunting pada anak usia di bawah lima tahun secara dini. Metode yang digunakan adalah desain Cross Sectional dengan melibatkan 40 responden yang ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi tertentu, serta analisis data melalui uji Spearman Rank guna mengukur derajat keterkaitan antarvariabel. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,572, menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif pada tingkat kekuatan sedang antara pengetahuan kader tentang stunting dan kapasitas deteksi dini mereka. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa akses terhadap informasi yang memadai merupakan faktor determinan penting dalam membentuk kecakapan kader, sehingga program edukasi yang terstruktur dan penyediaan bahan pembelajaran yang komprehensif perlu mendapat perhatian lebih serius.
KONSEP DASAR MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PENDIDIKAN DALAM PENGUATAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI GURU: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
This study aims to examine the basic concepts of educational human resource management (HRM) in strengthening teachers' organizational commitment through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The method used includes a literature search in reputable databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, with the inclusion criteria of national and international articles within the last five years that are relevant to the research topic. The analysis process is carried out through the stages of selection, extraction, and thematic synthesis of data to identify patterns of relationships between HRM practices and teachers' organizational commitment. The results of the study indicate that educational HRM has a strategic role in increasing organizational commitment through the functions of planning, competency development, performance evaluation, and providing teacher motivation and welfare. Teachers' multidimensional organizational commitment including affective, sustainability, and normative dimensions is significantly influenced by effective HRM practices, such as transformational leadership, a positive organizational culture, and a conducive work environment. In addition, organizational commitment acts as a mediating variable linking HRM with improved performance and positive work behaviors, such as Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Thus, the implementation of holistic, humanistic and sustainable HR is the key to strengthening the commitment of teacher organizations and improving the quality and competitiveness of educational institutions. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep dasar manajemen sumber daya manusia (MSDM) pendidikan dalam penguatan komitmen organisasi guru melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Metode yang digunakan meliputi penelusuran literatur pada database bereputasi seperti Google Scholar, Scopus, dan ScienceDirect, dengan kriteria inklusi artikel nasional dan internasional dalam lima tahun terakhir yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Proses analisis dilakukan melalui tahap seleksi, ekstraksi, dan sintesis data secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola hubungan antara praktik MSDM dan komitmen organisasi guru. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa MSDM pendidikan memiliki peran strategis dalam meningkatkan komitmen organisasi melalui fungsi perencanaan, pengembangan kompetensi, evaluasi kinerja, serta pemberian motivasi dan kesejahteraan guru. Komitmen organisasi guru yang bersifat multidimensional—meliputi dimensi afektif, keberlanjutan, dan normatif—dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh praktik MSDM yang efektif, seperti kepemimpinan transformasional, budaya organisasi yang positif, serta lingkungan kerja yang kondusif. Selain itu, komitmen organisasi berperan sebagai variabel mediasi yang menghubungkan MSDM dengan peningkatan kinerja dan perilaku kerja positif, seperti Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Dengan demikian, implementasi MSDM yang holistik, humanistik, dan berkelanjutan menjadi kunci dalam memperkuat komitmen organisasi guru serta meningkatkan kualitas dan daya saing lembaga Pendidikan
ANALISIS MODEL COOPERATIVE PROJECT BASED LEARNING DALAM PENGEMBANGAN 4C DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DITINJAU DARI POLA PEMBENTUKAN KELOMPOK: PEREKRUTAN MANDIRI VS DITENTUKAN GURU
21st-century education demands mastery of the 4C skills to face global challenges through innovative learning models. This study focuses on analyzing the effectiveness of the Cooperative Project Based Learning model in improving 4C competencies and student learning outcomes based on group formation patterns. This quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design was conducted at MTsN 3 Kediri City in January 2026. Researchers involved two experimental classes to compare the method of recruiting group members independently by students versus groups determined directly by the teacher. The research stages included a pretest, implementation of the excretory organ miniature project, presentation, and final evaluation through a posttest and 4C questionnaire. Data were analyzed using non-parametric tests assisted by SPSS because they were not normally distributed. The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed no significant differences between groups in the pretest (p = 0.970), posttest (p = 0.947), or 4C scores (p = 0.964). However, the Wilcoxon test proved a significant increase in both classes with a p value of 0.001. The main conclusion states that the CPjBL model is very effective in improving academic achievement and 4C competencies, although the group formation mechanism does not have a significant impact on this effectiveness. Teachers are advised to continue using this collaborative model to optimize the potential for social interaction, creativity, communication, collaboration, and critical reasoning of all students in a deep, holistic, transparent, accurate, objective, systematic, comprehensive, consistent, educational, and effective manner. ABSTRAK Pendidikan abad ke-21 menuntut penguasaan keterampilan 4C guna menghadapi tantangan global melalui model pembelajaran inovatif. Penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis efektivitas model Cooperative Project Based Learning dalam meningkatkan kompetensi 4C dan hasil belajar siswa berdasarkan pola pembentukan kelompok. Studi kuasi eksperimen dengan desain non-equivalent control group ini dilaksanakan di MTsN 3 Kota Kediri pada Januari 2026. Peneliti melibatkan dua kelas eksperimen guna membandingkan metode perekrutan anggota kelompok secara mandiri oleh siswa melawan kelompok yang ditentukan langsung oleh guru. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pretest, pelaksanaan proyek pembuatan miniatur organ ekskresi, presentasi, serta evaluasi akhir melalui posttest dan angket 4C. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji non-parametrik berbantuan SPSS karena tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok pada nilai pretest (p=0,970), posttest (p=0,947), maupun skor 4C (p=0,964). Namun, uji Wilcoxon membuktikan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada kedua kelas dengan nilai p=0,001. Simpulan utama menyatakan bahwa model CPjBL sangat efektif meningkatkan capaian akademis dan kompetensi 4C, meskipun mekanisme pembentukan kelompok tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berarti terhadap efektivitas tersebut. Guru disarankan tetap menggunakan model kolaboratif ini untuk mengoptimalkan potensi interaksi sosial, kreativitas, komunikasi, kolaborasi, serta nalar kritis seluruh siswa secara mendalam, holistik, transparan, akurat, objektif, sistematis, menyeluruh, konsisten, edukatif, dan berdaya guna.
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH PADA JENJANG SEKOLAH DASAR
ABSTRACT This study is grounded in the importance of the principal’s role as an educational leader. School program planning constitutes a strategic responsibility aimed at improving educational quality through the implementation of School-Based Management. This study aims to describe the principal’s leadership in planning the development of School-Based Management (SBM) at SD Negeri 01 Pangkatan using a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research subjects include the principal, classroom teachers, Physical Education (PJOK) teachers, and educational staff, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The data were analyzed through stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the principal’s leadership in planning SBM development is carried out in a participatory manner by involving teachers and educational staff in formulating the school’s vision and mission, designing work programs, and managing school resources. The principal acts as a director, coordinator, and decision-maker, supported by effective communication and coordination, enabling the development of systematic programs aligned with school needs. Therefore, participatory and communicative leadership contributes to enhancing stakeholder involvement and improving the quality of education. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilandasi oleh pentingnya peran kepala sekolah sebagai pemimpin dalam dunia pendidikan. Perencanaan program sekolah merupakan tanggung jawab strategis untuk mendorong peningkatan mutu pendidikan melalui penerapan Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam merancang pengembangan Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah (MBS) di SD Negeri 01 Pangkatan dengan pendekatan kualitatif metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian meliputi kepala sekolah, guru kelas, guru PJOK, serta tenaga kependidikan, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis melalui tahapan reduksi, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam perencanaan pengembangan MBS dilaksanakan secara partisipatif dengan melibatkan guru dan tenaga kependidikan dalam perumusan visi dan misi, penyusunan program kerja, serta pengelolaan sumber daya sekolah. Kepala sekolah berperan sebagai pengarah, koordinator, dan pengambil keputusan, didukung oleh komunikasi dan koordinasi yang baik sehingga program sekolah tersusun secara sistematis sesuai kebutuhan. Dengan demikian, kepemimpinan yang partisipatif dan komunikatif berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan keterlibatan warga sekolah dan mutu pendidikan.