PERAN WEARABLE DEVICES DALAM PEMANTAUAN TANDA VITAL IBU HAMIL UNTUK DETEKSI DINI KOMPLIKASI KEHAMILAN : SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v6i1.8419Keywords:
Sistem Informasi Kesehatan, SP2TP, Integrasi Data, Pelaporan Kesehatan, PuskesmasAbstract
This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Integrated Recording and Reporting System of Community Health Centers (SP2TP) at the Batanghari District Health Office, with particular emphasis on data management and system integration. The availability of accurate, timely, and integrated data is a fundamental requirement for supporting evidence-based decision-making in the health sector. However, preliminary findings indicate that SP2TP reporting at the district level remains largely manual, despite the adoption of digital applications such as E-Puskesmas at the primary healthcare level. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document review. Data analysis followed an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that manual reporting mechanisms lead to delays, data inconsistencies, duplicated workloads, and limited utilization of health data for timely program evaluation. The absence of a centralized database and limited system interoperability between Community Health Centers and the District Health Office further exacerbate data fragmentation. To address these challenges, this study proposes an integrated SP2TP reporting model supported by a centralized database, real-time dashboards, automated data validation, and integration with E-Puskesmas. The implementation of this model is expected to significantly improve reporting efficiency and data quality.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan Sistem Pencatatan dan Pelaporan Terpadu Puskesmas (SP2TP) di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Batanghari, khususnya terkait pengelolaan data dan tingkat integrasi sistem informasi kesehatan. Ketersediaan data yang akurat, tepat waktu, dan terintegrasi merupakan prasyarat utama dalam mendukung pengambilan keputusan berbasis bukti di sektor kesehatan. Namun, temuan awal menunjukkan bahwa pelaporan SP2TP di tingkat Dinas Kesehatan masih dilakukan secara manual, meskipun Puskesmas telah menggunakan aplikasi digital seperti E-Puskesmas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model interaktif yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme pelaporan manual menyebabkan keterlambatan pelaporan, inkonsistensi data, duplikasi pekerjaan, serta keterbatasan pemanfaatan data untuk evaluasi program secara tepat waktu. Ketiadaan basis data terpusat dan rendahnya interoperabilitas sistem antara Puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan memperparah fragmentasi data. Sebagai solusi, penelitian ini mengusulkan model pelaporan SP2TP terintegrasi berbasis basis data terpusat, dashboard real time, validasi data otomatis, serta integrasi dengan E-Puskesmas. Implementasi model ini berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi waktu pelaporan dan kualitas data secara signifikan.
References
Alim, A., & Imtiaz, M. H. (2023). Wearable sensors for the monitoring of maternal health: A systematic review. Sensors, 23(5), 2411. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052411
Bossung, V., Singer, A., Ratz, T., Rothenbühler, M., Leeners, B., & Kimmich, N. (2023). Changes in heart rate, heart rate variability, breathing rate, and skin temperature throughout pregnancy and the impact of emotions: A longitudinal evaluation using a sensor bracelet. Sensors, 23(14), 6620. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146620
Bruce, L. K., González, D., Dasgupta, S., & Smarr, B. L. (2024). Biometrics of complete human pregnancy recorded by wearable devices. npj Digital Medicine, 7, Article 183. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01183-9
Brun, R., Girsberger, J., Rothenbühler, M., Argyle, C., Hutmacher, J., Haslinger, C., & Leeners, B. (2022). Wearable sensors for prediction of intraamniotic infection in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes: A prospective proof-of-principle study. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 307(2), 547–555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-022-06753-4
Byfield, R., Yang, I., & Carlson, N. (2025). A scoping review of studies reporting heart rate variability measurement among pregnant and postpartum people using wearable technology. Biological Research for Nursing, 27(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/10998004251325212
Du, Y. C., Lim, B. Y., Kuo, P. L., & Tsai, P. Y. (2021). A wearable device for evaluation of relative position, force, and duration of fetal movement for pregnant woman care. IEEE Sensors Journal, 21(17), 19452–19460. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2021.3089076
Faria Habib, M. N. I., Bhowmik, M., Anannya, T. T., & Aadeeb, M. S. (2025). Caremother: Integrating smart assistance into prenatal care for improved maternal health outcomes. Discover Health Systems, 4, Article 19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44250-025-00199-6
Galea, J. T., Ramos, K., Coit, J., Friedman, L. E., Contreras, C., Dueñas, M., Hernandez, N., Muster, C., Lecca, L., & Gelaye, B. (2020). The use of wearable technology to objectively measure sleep quality and physical activity among pregnant women in urban Lima, Peru: A pilot feasibility study. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 24(6), 823–831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-020-02931-5
Grym, K., Niela-Vilén, H., Ekholm, E., Hamari, L., Azimi, I., Rahmani, A. M., Liljeberg, P., Löyttyniemi, E., & Axelin, A. (2019). Feasibility of smart wristbands for continuous monitoring during pregnancy and one month after birth. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 19, Article 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2187-9
Hiyama, R., Saito, M., Nakanishi, Y., Hirose, Y., & Arisumi, S. (2015). Baby Bumper: Protector/communication wearable device for pregnant women. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers (pp. 173–176). https://doi.org/10.1145/2800835.280090
Jimah, T., Kehoe, P., Borg, H., Pimentel, P., Rahmani, A. M., Dutt, N., & Guo, Y. (2022). A micro-level analysis of physiological responses to COVID-19: Continuous monitoring of pregnant women in California. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 808763. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.808763
Lee, T.-I., Chiang, Y.-H., Guo, J., Chen, M.-T., & Chen, Y. (2016). Dot-it: Managing nausea and vomiting for a peaceful pregnancy with personal pattern exploration. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Extended Abstracts). https://doi.org/10.1145/2851581.289063
Li, X., Lu, Y., Shi, S., Zhu, X., & Fu, X. (2021). The impact of healthcare monitoring technologies for better pregnancy. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronics Technology (pp. 1–5). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET51757.2021.9450980
Lopez, B. D. B., Armas Aguirre, J. A., Reyes Coronado, D. A., & Gonzalez, P. A. (2018). Wearable technology model to control and monitor hypertension during pregnancy. In Proceedings of the Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies. https://doi.org/10.23919/CISTI.2018.8399200
Maugeri, A., Barchitta, M., & Agodi, A. (2023). How wearable sensors can support research on foetal and pregnancy outcomes: A scoping review. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 13(2), 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13020218
Mishra, A., Park, J., Shapiro, I., Fisher-Colbrie, T., Baird, D. D., Suharwardy, S., Zhang, S., Jukic, A. M. Z., & Curry, C. L. (2024). Trends in sensor-based health metrics during and after pregnancy: Descriptive data from the Apple Women’s Health Study. AJOG Global Reports, 4, 100388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xagr.2024.100388
Musyoka, F. M., Thiga, M. M., & Muketha, G. M. (2019). A 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system for preeclampsia management in antenatal care. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 16, 100199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2019.100199
Niela-Vilén, H., Auxier, J., Ekholm, E., Sarhaddi, F., Mehrabadi, M. A., Mahmoudzadeh, A., Azimi, I., Liljeberg, P., Rahmani, A. M., & Axelin, A. (2021). Pregnant women’s daily patterns of well-being before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Finland: Longitudinal monitoring through smartwatch technology. PLOS ONE, 16(2), e0246494. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246494
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., et al. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Penders, J., Altini, M., Van Hoof, C., & Dy, E. (2015). Wearable sensors for healthier pregnancies. Proceedings of the IEEE, 103(2), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2014.2387017
Rowan, S. P., Lilly, C. L., Claydon, E. A., Wallace, J., & Merryman, K. (2022). Monitoring one heart to help two: Heart rate variability and resting heart rate using wearable technology across the perinatal period. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22, Article 918. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-05183-z
Runkle, J., Sugg, M., Boase, D., Galvin, S. L., & Coulson, C. C. (2019). Use of wearable sensors for pregnancy health and environmental monitoring: Descriptive findings from patients and providers. Digital Health, 5. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076198282
Saarikko, J., Niela-Vilén, H., Ekholm, E., Hamari, L., Azimi, I., Liljeberg, P., Rahmani, A. M., Löyttyniemi, E., & Axelin, A. (2020). Continuous 7-month IoT-based monitoring of health parameters of pregnant and postpartum women: Prospective observational feasibility study. JMIR Formative Research, 4(7), e12417. https://doi.org/10.2196/12417
Sarhaddi, F., Azimi, I., Axelin, A., Niela-Vilén, H., Liljeberg, P., & Rahmani, A. M. (2022). Trends in heart rate and heart rate variability during pregnancy and the 3-month postpartum period. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 10(3), e33458. https://doi.org/10.2196/33458
Sarhaddi, F., Azimi, I., Labbaf, S., Niela-Vilén, H., Dutt, N., Axelin, A., Liljeberg, P., & Rahmani, A. M. (2021). Long-term IoT-based maternal monitoring: System design and evaluation. Sensors, 21(7), 2281. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21072281
Stricker, K., Radan, A.-P., & Surbek, D. (2025). Continuous remote home monitoring solutions for mother and fetus: A scoping review. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 296, 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.12.018
Ullah, F., Iqbal, A., Iqbal, S., Kwak, D., Anwar, H., Khan, A., Ullah, R., Siddique, H., & Kwak, K.-S. (2021). A framework for maternal physical activities and health monitoring using wearable sensors. Sensors, 21(15), 4949. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21154949
Van Velthoven, M. H., Oke, J., & Kardos, A. (2023). ChroniSense National Early Warning Score study: Comparison of a wearable wrist device to measure vital signs in hospitalized patients. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25, e40226. https://doi.org/10.2196/40226
