PENGARUH VARIASI ARUS LAS SMAW TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK & BENDING PADA MATERIAL BAJA ST 42
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v5i3.6312Keywords:
Variasi Arus las SMAW pada Baja ST 42, kekuatan tarik minimal Baja ST 42, Kekuatan Tarik Maksimal Baja ST 42Abstract
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) is an essential metal joining process in the manufacturing and construction industries. The background of this research is the importance of knowing the correct welding parameters to ensure joint quality. The focus of this study is to analyze the effect of variations in electrical current on the tensile and bending strength of ST 42 steel. The research phase involved welding specimens using E6013 electrodes at three different current variations: 95 A, 105 A, and 115 A. The specimens were then tested for strength through tensile testing to obtain strength, stress, and strain data. The main findings indicate that current variation significantly affects the material's mechanical properties. The highest tensile test results were achieved using a current of 105 A, with an average maximum stress of 229.083 MPa and a strain of 4.99%. On the other hand, the lowest strength was produced by a current of 95 A. Thus, it can be concluded that a current of 105 A is the most optimal parameter among the variations tested to obtain a welded joint with the highest tensile strength in ST 42 steel.
ABSTRAK
Pengelasan dengan metode Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) merupakan proses penyambungan logam yang esensial dalam industri manufaktur dan konstruksi. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah pentingnya mengetahui parameter pengelasan yang tepat untuk menjamin kualitas sambungan. Fokus masalah dalam studi ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi arus listrik terhadap kekuatan tarik dan *bending* pada material baja ST 42. Tahapan penelitian dilakukan dengan mengelas spesimen menggunakan elektroda E6013 pada tiga variasi arus berbeda, yaitu 95 A, 105 A, dan 115 A. Selanjutnya, spesimen tersebut diuji kekuatannya melalui pengujian tarik untuk memperoleh data kekuatan, tegangan, dan regangan. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa variasi arus berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sifat mekanik material. Hasil uji tarik tertinggi dicapai pada penggunaan arus 105 A, dengan rata-rata tegangan maksimal sebesar 229,083 MPa dan regangan 4,99%. Sebaliknya, kekuatan terendah dihasilkan oleh arus 95 A. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa arus 105 A merupakan parameter paling optimal di antara variasi yang diuji untuk mendapatkan sambungan las dengan kekuatan tarik tertinggi pada baja ST 42.
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